Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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- The Patient InterviewThe Physical Examination and Its Basis in PhysiologyPulmonary Function Study AssessmentsArterial Blood Gas AssessmentsOxygenation AssessmentsCardiovascular System AssessmentsRadiologic Examination of the ChestOther Important Tests and ProceduresThe Therapist-Driven Protocol Program and the Role of the Respiratory TherapistRespiratory Failure and the Mechanical Ventilation ProtocolRecording Skills: The Basis for Data Collection, Organization, Assessment SkillChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Chronic Bronchitis, and EmphysemaAsthmaBronchiectasisCystic FibrosisPneumoniaLung AbscessTuberculosisFungal Diseases of the LungPulmonary EdemaPulmonary Vascular Disease: Pulmonary Embolism and Pulmonary HypertensionFlail ChestPneumothoraxPleural Effusion and EmpyemaKyphoscoliosisInterstitial Lung DiseasesCancer of the LungAcute Respiratory Distress SyndromeGuillain-Barré SyndromeMyasthenia GravisSleep ApneaClinical Manifestations Common with Newborn and Early Childhood Respiratory DisMeconium Aspiration SyndromeTransient Tachypnea of the NewbornRespiratory Distress SyndromePulmonary Air Leak SyndromesRespiratory Syncytial Virus (Bronchiolitis or Pneumonitis)Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaCongenital Diaphragmatic HerniaCongenital Heart DiseasesCroup Syndrome: Laryngotracheobronchitis and Acute EpiglottitisNear Drowning/Wet DrowningSmoke Inhalation, Thermal Injuries, and Carbon Monoxide IntoxicationAtelectasis
Question 1
Free
Multiple Choice
All of the following materials will be found in the alveoli of a patient with ARDS EXCEPT:
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leukocytes.
cellular debris.
fibrin.
hyaline membrane.
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Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice
A patient has a prolonged case of ARDS. What changes would be expected in the patient's alveolar cells?
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Multiplication of the type I cells
Influx of macrophages
Hyperplasia and swelling of the type II cells
Development of emphysema
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Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice
What is the reason for the elevated risk of developing ARDS associated with massive blood transfusions?
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Shock (hypovolemia)
Receiving the wrong blood type
Fat emboli
Blockages in pulmonary blood vessels
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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice
ARDS can result from the inhalation of all of the following EXCEPT:
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FIO2 >0.60 for prolonged exposure.
nitrogen dioxide.
very dry air.
chlorine gas.
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Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice
What initial tidal volume setting on the ventilator would be recommended for a 70-kg adult male with ARDS?
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350 mL
420 mL
560 mL
700 mL
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Question 6
Multiple Choice
All of the following would be low-tidal volume ventilation goals in a patient with ARDS, EXCEPT:
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decrease barotrauma.
maintain plateau pressure >30 cm H2O.
decrease high transpulmonary pressures.
reduce overdistention of the lungs.
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Question 7
Multiple Choice
The chest radiograph finding indicative of severe ARDS is:
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"ground-glass" appearance of the lungs.
pleural effusion.
bilateral hyperinflation of the lungs.
tracheal deviation.
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Question 8
Multiple Choice
According to the Berlin definition of ARDS, what does a PaO?/FIO? ratio of 150 mm Hg indicate for a patient on mechanical ventilation with a PEEP of 10 cm H?O?
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Normal lungs
Mild ARDS
Moderate ARDS
Severe ARDS
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Question 9
Multiple Choice
What is the most common cause of ARDS?
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Sepsis
Fat embolism
Inhalation of irritants
Aspiration of gastric contents
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Question 10
Multiple Choice
When would symptoms of ARDS associated with a fat embolism from a long bone fracture be most likely to develop?
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2 to 4 hours following the fracture
4 to 12 hours following the fracture
12 to 48 hours following the fracture
48 to 96 hours following the fracture
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