he had lost the fervent support of the sans-culottes.
the Convention no longer needed him.
moderates had turned against him.
All these answers are correct.
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Question 2
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Multiple Choice
The Thermidorian reaction
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brought greater power to the sans-culottes.
acknowledged the need to continue economic controls.
forbade social distinctions and conspicuous consumption.
ended the popular phase of the Revolution.
helped the Jacobins consolidate their power.
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Question 3
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Multiple Choice
The goal of the Directory was to
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confine suffrage to the property-owning class.
eliminate devices to allow popular participation, such as referenda.
eliminate the right to subsistence and free education.
both confine suffrage to the property-owning class and eliminate the right to subsistence and free education.
All these answers are correct.
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Question 4
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Multiple Choice
The Babeuvists
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were ultra-royalists.
advocated conciliation with the Directory.
advocated the overthrow of the Directory.
opposed revolution.
advocated the preservation of certain social hierarchies.
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Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice
Napoleon first made his reputation as an inspired leader of armies while fighting in
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France.
Italy.
Germany.
Egypt.
Corsica.
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Question 6
Multiple Choice
The Brumaire Coup of 1799 that brought Bonaparte to power was
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originally planned to establish a republic with civil equality but limited political participation.
planned by Napoleon as part of a long-range strategy for seizing power in France.
a result of the threat of invasion by Austrian, Prussian, and British forces.
necessary because of the fiasco of Napoleon's defeat in Egypt.
All these answers are correct.
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Question 7
Multiple Choice
Napoleon was seen by some as an heir of the Revolution because of
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his commitment to equality of opportunity.
his commitment to parliamentary government.
his support of local elections.
his promotion of freedom of expression.
his preference for authoritarianism.
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Question 8
Multiple Choice
Which of the following provisions did Napoleon's Concordat with the papacy NOT contain?
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Catholicism was to be the "preferred" religion of France.
Non-Catholics were to enjoy religious freedom.
Lands confiscated and sold during the Revolution were to be returned to the Church.
Primary education was to be controlled by the clergy.
The state had the power to regulate the place of the Church in French society.
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Question 9
Multiple Choice
The Napoleonic Code
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granted all citizens the right to equal treatment under the law, freedom of religion, ownership of land, and free choice of occupation.
confirmed the 1793 constitution's grant of a right to subsistence.
accepted the property and juridical rights that had been granted to women during the Revolution.
gave equal rights to illegitimate children.
preserved certain feudal privileges.
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Question 10
Multiple Choice
Napoleon's reorganization of central Europe
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ended the Holy Roman Empire.
created a new state known as the "Rhineland."
confirmed the abolition of the Polish state.
dismembered Prussia.
led to the defeat of Nelson at Trafalgar.
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Question 11
Multiple Choice
In 1807, at Tilsit, Napoleon agreed to share predominant influence in Europe with the ruler of
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Russia.
Austria.
Prussia.
Saxony.
Britain.
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Question 12
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT true of Napoleon's Continental System of economic warfare?
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It gave rise to questions of neutral trading rights that caused tensions between Britain and the United States.
It caused unemployment and rioting in Britain.
It proved highly effective in stopping trade between the continent and the outside world.
It could not really rely on the French navy for enforcement.
France lost important sources of raw materials.
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Question 13
Multiple Choice
To staff his armies Napoleon developed an efficient conscription system that
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drafted only men of the lower classes.
would permit wealthy people to pay a fee in lieu of military service.
chose men by lottery.
exempted married men.
outlawed the use of replacements.
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Question 14
Multiple Choice
The Spanish
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organized committees to resist the French.
rioted against French troops.
established the model for guerrilla warfare fighting against French troops.
resisted harsh French pacification tactics.
All these answers are correct.
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Question 15
Multiple Choice
As a result of Napoleon's attempt to rule Spain
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300,000 French troops were tied down in the peninsula.
Spanish liberals were able to establish representative institutions that survived the French withdrawal.
Spain's overseas possessions rallied to her defense.
the British abandoned their long-standing alliance with Portugal.
30,000 French troops were tied down in the peninsula and Spain's overseas possessions rallied to her defense.
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Question 16
Multiple Choice
Napoleon's Russian campaign of 1812 was a disaster because
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before retreating, the Russians burned their lands and resources, thus denying the French their use.
the Prussian contingent deserted.
guerrilla bands harassed the French army during the entire retreat.
Moscow burned, making it a poor place to winter.
All these answers are correct.
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Question 17
Multiple Choice
Which best describes the extent of the disaster that befell the Grand Army in Russia?
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Only 75,000 of 150,000 survived.
Only 250,000 of 500,000 survived.
Only 100,000 of 600,000 survived.
Only 300,000 of 600,000 survived.
Only 100,000 of 300,000 survived.
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Question 18
Multiple Choice
Defeat at the hands of Napoleon prompted the Prussian monarchy to
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create parliamentary institutions to gain support of the people.
challenge the Junkers' control of their estates.
open some positions in the bureaucracy and the military to non-nobles.
abolish the military reserve in favor of a larger full-time army.
implement a constitutional system.
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Question 19
Multiple Choice
In 1813, Napoleon fell because
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his father-in-law, Francis, turned against him.
his call for new conscripts went unanswered.
Prussia allied with Russia.
the British reinforced the coalition against him.
All these answers are correct.
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Question 20
Multiple Choice
The legend that grew up around Napoleon's life
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blamed selfish and reactionary adversaries for opposing his progressive ideas.
failed to mention how Napoleon had underestimated the historic force of nationalism.
acknowledged Napoleon's dictatorship and military aggression, but argued they were necessary to preserve the gains of the French Revolution.
both blamed selfish and reactionary adversaries for opposing his progressive ideas and failed to mention how Napoleon had underestimated the historic force of nationalism.