Appraising Quantitative Research

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Question 1

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Multiple Choice

The critique of a quantitative research report should include what?

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Applying the findings in clinical practice

Summarizing the major steps of the research process

Constructively evaluating a study for its strengths and weaknesses

Determining whether the phenomenon studied by participants can be recognized as their own

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Question 2

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Multiple Choice

Which statement most accurately evaluates a quantitative research study report's scientific merit?

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The sample size was appropriate for the statistical tests used.

The study had one independent variable and two dependent variables.

Data described in narrative form within the text could have been more concise in a table.

The discussion was excessive in length.

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Question 3

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Multiple Choice

Both the problem statement and the purpose of a quantitative research study report should address what?

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Generalizability

Sampling procedure

Implications for future research

Relationship between the variables

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Question 4

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Multiple Choice

Where in a report of a quantitative research study would a nurse researcher expect the gaps or conflicts about the phenomenon studied to be identified?

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Analysis of data

Research design

Problem statement

Review of the literature

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

A study abstract includes the following statement: "There was a negative relationship between infants with difficult behavioral styles and maternal involvement." The most accurate interpretation of the statement is what?

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The more difficult the infant was, the more involved the mother was.

The more difficult the infant was, the less involved the mother was.

The less difficult the infant was, the less involved the mother was.

There was no relationship between infant behavior and maternal involvement.

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

A comparison study investigating the levels of depression in blind and sighted adolescents does not use a hypothesis. Does the lack of a hypothesis in this study represent a weakness? Why or why not?

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Not a weakness; study is descriptive

Not a weakness; study is quasi-experimental

Is a weakness; study is descriptive

Is a weakness; study is quasi-experimental

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Why would a study involving continuous handrail support, oxygen uptake, and heart rate in women during submaximal step treadmill exercise be quasi-experimental in design versus experimental?

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The sample size was small.

Randomization was not used in sample selection.

The dependent variables were not manipulated.

The independent variables were not manipulated.

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

What would make a study researching the levels of depression occurring in blind and sighted adolescents nonexperimental versus experimental in design?

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The sample size was small.

The two samples were not equal in size.

The dependent variable was not manipulated.

The independent variable was not manipulated.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

How could the sample selection procedures used in a research study investigating the levels of depression occurring in blind and sighted adolescents make the sample of blind adolescents more homogeneous?

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Eliminate subjects taking prescription medications

Narrow the age range of subjects to those between 13 and 18 years

Have the same person administer the questionnaire to all subjects

Avoid telling the subjects the nature of the study

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

This statement was included in a study's abstract: "This research was an exploratory descriptive investigation of the pregnancy experiences of a multiethnic group of pregnant adolescents." What is this indicative of?

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The study's aims

The study's design

The study's significance

The study's implications

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

This statement was included in a study's abstract: "By formalizing parenting education in the immediate postpartum period, midwives may have the opportunity to reduce the prevalence of postnatal depression"? What is this indicative of?

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The study's results

The study's analysis

The study's implications

The study's recommendations

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Which change in the sample selection procedure of a study involving continuous handrail support, oxygen uptake, and heart rate in women during submaximal step treadmill exercise would have the greatest impact on increasing the generalizability of the results?

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Increasing the sample size

Including subjects who smoke in the study

Having a true control group rather than having subjects serve as their own controls

Expanding the sample population to include equal numbers of women who were moderately fit and highly fit

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

This statement was included in a research report: "A positive correlation was found between the variables of self-reported sleep adequacy and performance on the driving simulator (r = 0.21), although the correlation did not reach statistical significance." A research consumer should evaluate this to mean what?

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No relationship exists between the two variables.

The hypothesis was supported by the data presented.

The hypothesis was not supported by the data presented.

The relationship between the variables is too weak to have practical application.

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

A study includes this statement: "The fact that the inventory [instrument] was administered verbally introduced a potential bias of social desirability." This is indicative of what?

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Implications for practice

Limitations of the study

Generalizability of the study

Recommendations for future research

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Which critical appraisal question would evaluate the research question and hypothesis of a research report?

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Is there a synthesis summary that presents the overall strengths and weaknesses and arrives at a logical conclusion that generates hypotheses or research questions?

What are the sources of bias, and are they dealt with appropriately?

How have the purpose, aims, or goals of the study been substantiated?

To what population may the findings be generalized? What are the limitations in generalizability?

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Which critical appraisal question would evaluate the review of the literature of a research report?

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Is there a synthesis summary that presents the overall strengths and weaknesses and arrives at a logical conclusion that generates hypotheses or research questions?

What are the sources of bias, and are they dealt with appropriately?

How have the purpose, aims, or goals of the study been substantiated?

To what population may the findings be generalized? What are the limitations in generalizability?

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

Which critical appraisal question would evaluate the sampling of a research report?

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Is there a synthesis summary that presents the overall strengths and weaknesses and arrives at a logical conclusion that generates hypotheses or research questions?

What are the sources of bias, and are they dealt with appropriately?

How have the purpose, aims, or goals of the study been substantiated?

To what population may the findings be generalized? What are the limitations in generalizability?

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

The critical appraisal question that would most accurately evaluate the research question and hypothesis of a research report is what?

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Is there a synthesis summary that presents the overall strengths and weaknesses and arrives at a logical conclusion that generates hypotheses or research questions?

What are the sources of bias, and are they dealt with appropriately?

How have the purpose, aims, or goals of the study been substantiated?

To what population may the findings be generalized? What are the limitations in generalizability?

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

The critical appraisal question that would most accurately evaluate the applicability to nursing practice of a research report is what?

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Would it be possible to replicate this study in another clinical setting?

Are the results of each hypothesis or research question presented and presented objectively?

Did testing of the hypothesis(es) or research question(s) clearly support or not support each hypothesis or research question?

Was there an observation guide?

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

Which critical appraisal question would evaluate the data analysis of a research report?

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Would it be possible to replicate this study in another clinical setting?

Are the results of each hypothesis or research question presented and presented objectively?

Did testing of the hypothesis(es) or research question(s) clearly support or not support each hypothesis or research question?

Was there an observation guide?

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