Assessment Of The Older Adult

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Question 1

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Multiple Choice

A 75-year-old patient tells the nurse, "I just do not enjoy eating as much as I used to because the food does not have much taste or smell." Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?

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"You should make an appointment with your health care provider."

"Try eating small, frequent meals."

"The senses of smell and taste decrease as we age."

"Maybe you should use saline drops in your nose."

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Question 2

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Multiple Choice

During inspection of the mouth of an older adult, a nurse notices which finding as an expected change associated with aging?

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Exposed root surfaces of teeth

Aphthous ulcers of the mucosa

Collection of debris at the gingival margins

Leukoplakia of the dorsal and ventral tongue

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Question 3

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Multiple Choice

Which assessment finding of older adult patients indicates expected respiratory function?

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Increased elasticity of the alveoli

Flaccidity of the chest wall

Reduced inspiratory and expiratory effort

Decreased anteroposterior diameter

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Question 4

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Multiple Choice

During an office visit, a 78-year-old woman is upset because her height is "2 inches less than it was when I was 40!" How does the nurse explain this change to the patient?

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"Reduced height may occur as you age due to shortening of the vertebrae."

"You may be experiencing this height change due to arthritis."

"You need to improve your posture by performing stretching exercises."

"This is a rare occurrence and warrants having a bone density test."

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Question 5

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Multiple Choice

In collecting a history from an older adult, which information does the nurse consider least essential for a patient of this age?

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Past health history

Genogram

Functional abilities

Mental health

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

In assessing the mood of older adult patients, a nurse documents which finding as abnormal?

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Sadness and grief after returning from the funeral of a long-time friend

Depression that interferes with the ability to perform activities of daily living

Frustration about rearranging the day's schedule to attend a grandson's birthday party

Crying about the unexpected death of a pet that had been with the family 12 years

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

When assessing the pain level of an older adult, a nurse considers which factor?

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Neural transmission of pain is increased as a part of the aging process.

Older adult patients are not reliable in their descriptions of pain and how it affects them.

Physiologic indicators of pain that are unique to older adults are tachycardia and hypotension.

The older adult may believe that pain is a factor of aging and not worth mentioning.

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

A nurse is assessing the pain of an 86-year-old man who had hip surgery recently. The patient has been slightly confused since his surgery, but he responds to simple questions. What is the best way to assess this patient's pain?

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Ask him to rate his pain on a scale of 0 to 10.

Ask him to rate his pain using a list of descriptive adjectives.

Ask him to rate his pain using a vertical numeric scale.

Observe his behavior and measure his vital signs.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

What finding does a nurse look for when assessing the skin of an older adult with solar lentigo?

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Yellowish, thin papules with a central depression

Pigmented, raised, wartlike lesions on the face or trunk

Small, soft, pigmented tags of skin on the face and neck

Irregular, flat, deeply pigmented macules on sun-exposed areas

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

When assessing the skin of an older adult, a nurse notices pigmented, raised warty-appearing lesions on the trunk. How does a nurse document this finding?

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Solar lentigo

Basal cell skin cancer

Seborrheic keratosis

Sebaceous hyperplasia

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

In assessing the nails of an older adult, which finding does a nurse expect to find?

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Transverse ridges

Thick, brittle, and yellow nails

Thin, brittle nails

Lateral edges turned upward

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

In assessing the external eyes of an older adult, a nurse documents which finding as abnormal?

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Gray-white circle where the cornea and the sclera merge

Brown spots near the limbus in both eyes

Lack of luster of the eye and dry bulbar conjunctiva

Lower lid drops away from the globe

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

What is the best color for nurses to select when designing educational materials for older adults?

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Blue

Yellow

Violet

Green

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

A 75-year-old man reports he stopped playing cards with his friends because their voices sounded mumbled. How does the nurse explain the cause of this change?

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Sudden low-frequency hearing loss

Accumulation of earwax in the outer ear

Damage to the middle ear from ear infections

Gradual high-frequency hearing loss

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Which finding on cardiovascular assessment of an older adult patient warrants further evaluation?

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Occasional ectopic beats heard on auscultation of the heart

Murmur heard over the mitral valve

Systolic pressure of 156 in the right arm and 188 in the left arm

Persistent S4 sound in a patient with a history of decreased ventricular function

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

The nurse notes which finding as expected during a history and examination of an older adult patient's abdomen?

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Hyperactive bowel sounds in all quadrants

Decreased fatty deposits over the abdomen

Marked concavity of the abdominal contour

Soft abdomen on palpation in all quadrants

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

Which approach does a nurse use to assess neck range of motion of an older adult patient?

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Have the patient perform each neck movement separately.

Defer range of motion examination if the patient has kyphosis.

Ask the patient to turn the head against the resistance of the nurse's hand.

Ask the patient to rotate the head starting with forward flexion and moving clockwise.

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

A nurse asks an older adult patient to rise from an arm chair without using the arms, stand with eyes closed, and turn around in a circle. What is the nurse assessing in this patient?

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Ability to follow instructions

Muscle strength

Balance

Hearing

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

An older adult patient reports being able to see her granddaughter play basketball out of the sides of her eyes, but not in the center of her eyes. Based on this information, what vision disorder does the nurse suspect?

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Presbyopia

Macular degeneration

Pseudoptosis

Entropion

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

The nurse examining the breasts of an older adult woman recognizes which finding as normal?

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Firm and rounded breasts of equal size and shape

Relatively large size and number of mammary ducts

Loose elasticity and puckering of the suspensory ligaments

Flattened breasts with a slightly granular texture on palpation

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