Atelectasis
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Question 1
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Multiple Choice
What definition of atelectasis would best fit that of a premature newborn with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
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Partial or total collapse of previously expanded lung regions
Free pleural air compressed the lungs
Enlarged heart causing compression of the lungs
The lungs remaining unexpanded since birth
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Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice
Examples of the types of surgical procedures that often result in atelectasis include all of the following EXCEPT:
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open heart surgery.
craniotomy.
gallbladder removal.
splenectomy.
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Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the least commonly found type of postoperative atelectasis?
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Primary lobule
Lung segment
Lung lobe
Entire lung
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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice
All of the following conditions can lead to atelectasis EXCEPT:
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
pleural effusion.
pneumothorax.
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Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice
A patient has a tumor blocking the left mainstem bronchus. What additional factor would favor the development of atelectasis?
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Breathing a nitric oxide mix (iNO)
Breathing a helium/oxygen mix (heliox)
Breathing a high percentage of oxygen
Breathing a low percentage of oxygen
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Question 6
Multiple Choice
Which of the following patients should be placed on short-term mechanical ventilation because of the high risk of postoperative atelectasis?
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Appendectomy
Tracheostomy
Bronchoscopy for tumor biopsy
Cardiac surgery
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Question 7
Multiple Choice
After gastric bypass surgery, a patient is showing tachypnea. What is the best explanation for this?
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Diaphragmatic apraxia
Postoperative pain
Low-grade fever
Anesthetic sedation
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Question 8
Multiple Choice
All of the following would be found in a patient with atelectasis EXCEPT:
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normal shunt fraction.
whispered pectoriloquy.
chest radiograph shows increased density in areas of atelectasis.
diminished breath sounds.
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Question 9
Multiple Choice
After surgery, a patient must lie supine in bed. Because of this, atelectasis is thought to have developed. What chest radiograph finding would confirm this?
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Depression of the hemidiaphragms
Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE)
Increased density in both upper lobe areas
Increased density in both posterior lower lobe areas
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Question 10
Multiple Choice
Precipitating factors for retained secretions include all of the following EXCEPT:
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decreased mucociliary transport.
excessive secretions.
overhydration.
general anesthesia.
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Question 11
Multiple Choice
Several pathophysiologic mechanisms operating simultaneously may lead to an increased ventilatory rate. These may include all of the following EXCEPT:
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stimulation of central chemoreceptors.
decreased lung compliance-increased ventilatory rate relationship.
stimulation of J receptors.
pain.
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Question 12
Multiple Choice
The respiratory therapist is performing chest assessment on a post-op cholecystectomy patient who has developed cough, fever, and tachypnea. Which of the following would the therapist expect to find confirming the suspicion of post-op atelectasis in this patient?
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Decreased tactile and vocal fremitus
Hyperresonant percussion note
Bronchial breath sounds
Wheezes
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