Our perception of the environment begins with _____ .
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energy
the proximal stimulus
the distal stimulus
cognition
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Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice
Visible light is between _____ and _____ nm within the electromagnetic spectrum.
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100; 400
400; 700
500; 1000
900; 1500
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Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice
A wavelength of 10,000 meters would fall in the _____ range of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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X-rays
radio wave
infrared rays
gamma rays
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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice
The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuum of electromagnetic energy that is produced by _____ and is radiated as _____ .
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electric charges; waves
magnetism; waves
electric charges; magnetism
magnetism; electric charges
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Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice
The structure of the eye that provides about 80% of the eye's focusing power is the _____ .
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iris
pupil
cornea
lens
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Question 6
Multiple Choice
Jan tries to focus on the tip of her pencil as she brings it closer to her. She feels the strain on her eye as she does this. What she is feeling in her eye is due to the process called _____ .
Choose correct answer/s
inhibition
reflection
accommodation
assimilation
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Question 7
Multiple Choice
The ciliary muscles change the shape of the _____ , providing about 20% of the eye's focusing power.
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iris
pupil
cornea
lens
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Question 8
Multiple Choice
Lorelei's mother is 60 years old, and, because of the condition called _____ , she has a difficult time bringing near objects into focus.
Choose correct answer/s
cataracts
diplopia
presbyopia
retinitis pigmentosa
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Question 9
Multiple Choice
In _____ , the eyeball is too long, resulting in difficulty seeing far objects.
Choose correct answer/s
axial myopia
refractive myopia
axial hyperopia
refractive hyperopia
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Question 10
Multiple Choice
Individuals with myopia may have difficulty seeing _____ objects clearly. Often times, they are also referred to as being _____ .
Choose correct answer/s
nearby; farsighted
nearby; nearsighted
distant; farsighted
distant; nearsighted
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Question 11
Multiple Choice
Vera has hyperopia, and tends to get headaches when she reads. This might be because _____ .
Choose correct answer/s
Vera also has presbyopia and has the constant need to accommodate
Vera also has myopia and is unable to accommodate
Vera has just had LASIK surgery and her ciliary muscles are damaged
Vera is 5-years-old and lacks the visual acuity to read
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Question 12
Multiple Choice
The visual pigment molecules are contained in the _____ .
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inner segments of the visual receptors
outer segments of the visual receptors
axons of the rods
axons of the cones
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Question 13
Multiple Choice
_______ reacts to light to start the process of transduction.
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Opsin
Retinal
Choroid
Thyric acid
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Question 14
Multiple Choice
The isomerization of a single pigment molecule triggers what is best described as a _____ .
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chain reaction
ballistic expansion
hyperactive potential
hypopolarization wave
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Question 15
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true about the difference between the rods and the cones
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The rods control vision in high illumination conditions, and the cones control vision in low illumination conditions.
The rods are packed in an area called the fovea, and the cones are found more in the peripheral retina.
There are about 120 million rods in the human eye and about 6 million cones.
The only difference between the rods and the cones is physical shape.
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Question 16
Multiple Choice
A retinal condition that destroys the cones in the fovea is _____ .
Choose correct answer/s
macular degeneration
retinitis pigmentosa
presbyopia
retinal hypopolarization
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Question 17
Multiple Choice
In the early stages of _____ , peripheral rod receptors are destroyed leading to poorer peripheral vision.
Choose correct answer/s
macular degeneration
retinitis pigmentosa
presbyopia
retinal hypopolarization
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Question 18
Multiple Choice
The blind spot is located _____ .
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in the fovea
in the vitreous
where the optic nerve leaves the eye
at the optic chiasm
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Question 19
Multiple Choice
Nina does a demonstration of "seeing" the blind spot, in which a grid pattern surrounds the black dot that disappears when it falls on the blind spot. What does Nina most likely see in the area where the dot disappears
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a blurry gray area
a white circle
nothing
a continuation of the grid pattern
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Question 20
Multiple Choice
The episode of "Mythbusters" cited in the textbook demonstrated that dark adaptation was the reason why _____ .