The Chemical Senses

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Questions Bank

Introduction to Perception
The Beginning of the Perceptual Process
Neural Processing
Cortical Organization
Perceiving Objects and Scenes
Visual Attention
Taking Action
Perceiving Motion
Perceiving Color
Perceiving Depth and Size
Hearing I: Basic Processes and Pitch Perception
Hearing II: Location and Organization
Speech Perception
The Cutaneous Senses
The Chemical Senses

All Questions

Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

The senses of _____ are referred to as the gatekeepers.

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olfaction and taste

kinethesis and proprioception

vision and olfaction

vision and proprioception

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

The "life-span" of olfactory receptors in humans is _____ .

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one day

five to seven weeks

seven years

60 years

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

_____ tastes cause an autonomic acceptance response and prepares the gastrointestinal tract for these substances.

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Bitter

Sweet

Sour?

Umami

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

A fifth basic taste discovered many years after the other four is _____ .

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referred to as salty-sweet

described as "bittersweet"

described as "putrid"

referred to as umami

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

Sodium nitrate results in a taste of _____ .

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sweet only

sweet and sour, but not bitter

a combination of sour and bitter only

a combination of salty, sour, and bitter

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

The tiny bumps on the tongue that contain the taste buds are the _____ .

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insulae

lattices

papillae

tadomae

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

The _____ papillae are mushroom-shaped and found on the tip and sides of the tongue.

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filiform

fungiform

foliate

circumvillate

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

Areas on the tongue covered primarily with filiform papillae, which contain no taste buds, are similar to _____ in vision.

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convergence

the blind spot

cortical magnification

accretion and deletion

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

The central part of the tongue has no taste sensations because that part consists primarily of _____ papillae, which do not contain taste buds.

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filiform

fungiform

foliate

circumvillate

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

The ____ pathway conducts signals from the front and sides of the tongue to the brain.

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chorda tympani

glossopharyngeal nerve

vagus nerve

insula nerve

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Taste signals from the thalamus project to _____ .

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the insula and the frontal operculum cortex

only the nucleus of solitary tract

the orbitofrontal cortex

the parietal cortex

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

"Across-fiber patterns" is another name for _____ .

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population coding

specificity coding

olfactory decoding

common coding

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Evidence for _____ is provided by an Erickson (1963) study in which rats appeared to be unable to discriminate between two different solutions that produce a similar taste.

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population coding

specificity coding

olfactory decoding

common coding

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

Mueller et al. created a strain of mice that lacked the receptor that normally responds to a bitter substance called Cyx. The mice that did not have this receptor _____ .

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avoided all bitter substances

avoided Cyx, but would eat other bitter foods

did not avoid Cyx

avoided high concentrations of PTC

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

The substance amiloride _____ .

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blocks the flow of sucrose to taste receptors

blocks the flow of sodium to taste receptors

increases neural responses to salt detection

neutralizes bitter tastes by confusing the signal

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Eliminating the receptor for bitter tastes results in _____ .

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a "shifting" of the selectivity other receptors to allow some detection of bitter

the regeneration of bitter receptors

less sensitivity to umami and salty tastes

no effect on responses to the other tastes

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

David Smith and Thomas Scott (2003) argue for _____ coding based on the finding that at more central locations in the taste system, neurons are tuned broadly, with many neurons responding to more than one taste quality.

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specificity

common

population

integrative

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

In regard to specificity vs. population coding, most researchers conclude that _____ .

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population coding has the most research support

specificity coding has the most research support

basic taste qualities are determined by specificity coding, and population coding is important for discriminating subtle differences

basic taste qualities are determined by population coding, and specificity coding is important for discriminating subtle differences

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

In taste research, people are classified as "tasters" or "non-tasters" based on their sensitivity to PTC, which tastes _____ .

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sweet

sour

salty

bitter

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

The difference between "tasters" and "non-tasters" in the ability to taste PROP is due to _____ .

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a higher density of taste buds for "tasters" than "non-tasters"

a lower density of taste buds for "tasters" than "non-tasters"

specialized receptors present in "tasters" tongues that are absent from non-tasters"

both higher taste bud density and specialized receptors for "tasters"

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