Clinical Reasoning

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Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

After the subjective and objective data have been prioritized, the next step is to:

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order laboratory tests.

formulate a problem list.

initiate appropriate referrals.

initiate therapy.

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

New findings of unknown causes are:

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problems to be noted on the problem list.

deferred for subsequent visits.

diagnosed before physical examination.

reserved for specialists.

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

Which is an accepted method of making a diagnosis?

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Relying on intuition

Making maximal use of laboratory tests

Using first assumptions

Using algorithms

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

The adage that "common problems occur commonly" advises the practitioner to:

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always diagnose the patient's problem in terms of what their practice usually sees.

refer any uncommon complaints to specialists as soon as possible.

not consider more than one diagnosis unless necessary.

examine uncommon problems critically before assuming that the issue is an unusual presentation of a common problem.

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

The most important guide to sequencing actions should be:

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probability and utility.

assumption and intuition.

costs and risks of procedures.

reimbursement potential and patient acceptance.

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

Utilitarianism can be described as:

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balancing interests.

preventing harm.

choosing wisely.

doing good.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Positive outcomes depend on the:

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number of laboratory tests ordered.

quality of decisions made.

use of pharmacologic modalities.

time saved by the use of ancillary personnel.

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

Self-analysis assists providers in giving proper context to:

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history and physical findings.

therapeutic options.

attitudes, values, and feelings.

differential diagnoses.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

Medical decision making requires a balance between:

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trust and suspicion.

ethical and unethical behavior.

remembering and superstition.

mechanism and probabilism.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

A valid history and physical examination can serve to:

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create higher healthcare costs.

limit the indiscriminate use of diagnostics.

threaten patient satisfaction.

increase the risk of liability.

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

A specific test is one that has the ability to:

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correctly identify those who have the disease.

correctly identify those who do not have the disease.

be exclusively used to make a diagnosis.

exclude competing explanations for another test finding.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Mr. Johnson actually has streptococcal pharyngitis; however, the throat culture is initially read as negative. This situation describes a test with a:

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low sensitivity.

high sensitivity.

high specificity.

low specificity.

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a component of a management plan?

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Presumptive diagnosis

Patient education

Diet modification

Physical therapy

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

When determining actions for the management plan, the practitioner should first address:

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problems in the order of their chronologic development.

the patient's concern about a particular problem.

the patient's social and economic circumstances.

the most urgent problem.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

When utilizing a joint approach with the patient, which factors are likely to be considered? (Select all that apply.)

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Consultations

Laboratory studies

Assistive technology

Patient education

Practitioner background

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