Communicable Disease

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Health: A Community View
Historical Factors: Community Health Nursing in Context
Thinking Upstream: Nursing Theories and Population-Focused Nursing Practice
Health Promotion and Risk Reduction
Epidemiology
Community Assessment
Community Health Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation
Community Health Education
Case Management
Policy, Politics, Legislation, and Community Health Nursing
The Health Care System
Economics of Health Care
Cultural Diversity and Community Health Nursing
Environmental Health
Health in the Global Community
Child and Adolescent Health
Women’s Health
Men’s Health
Senior Health
Family Health
Populations Affected by Disabilities
Homeless Populations
Rural and Migrant Health
Populations Affected by Mental Illness
Communicable Disease
Substance Abuse
Violence
Natural and Man-Made Disasters
School Health
Occupational Health
Forensic and Correctional Nursing
Faith Community Nursing
Home Health and Hospice

All Questions

Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following infections continues to increase in the United States?

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Measles

Pertussis

Hepatitis A, B, and C

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes what is happening with infectious diseases in the United States?

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There is a continuing decrease in vector-borne infections.

There is a continuing increase in food-borne and waterborne infections.

Many airborne diseases are being spread by bioterrorists.

The rate of infection varies extensively by income and ethnic groups.

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a fairly recent surprise regarding infectious diseases in the United States?

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Cervical cancer and coronary artery disease may be caused by infectious agents.

Epidemics such as the H1N1 flu continue to occur.

Mortality caused by infectious diseases continues to rise.

Some infectious diseases remain endemic in our society.

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

A female client develops a fungal vaginal infection after being treated with antibiotics for strep throat. Which of the following components of the epidemiological triangle is primarily responsible?

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Agent

Environment

Host

Interaction of agent and environment

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true concerning tuberculosis (TB) infections in the United States?

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Subclinical cases of TB can occur in patients who fight off the infection and thus are not a danger to themselves or others.

TB can be cured by a 6-month period of treatment with INH.

TB can only be caused by the Mycobacterium bovis bacillus.

Under certain conditions, susceptible hosts may be infected by the TB bacillus.

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

One child in a kindergarten room had a slight fever and did not eat lunch. Otherwise, the child seemed OK. Three days later, several children were absent from kindergarten. Which of the following best describes what happened?

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Another nursery school was offering the same child care at a much lower price.

Infectious diseases can be contagious before any diagnostic symptoms occur.

No way to tell; there are many reasons why parents keep children home.

Parents chose to protect their children from the child with a fever, so they kept their children home for a few days.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

A day care center asked the nurse to come because they had several children out as a result of chickenpox. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to the staff?

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"Chickenpox has low infectivity so few children will get sick."

"Chickenpox has low pathogenicity so the children won't be sick enough to stay home if the parents really need to go to work."

"Chickenpox has low virulence so the children will be back at the day care center in a week or so."

"Adults never catch chickenpox, so the staff are safe and may continue working."

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

A city that depended on tourist dollars had feedback that tourists were saying they were never returning because of the constant mosquito bites. Which of the following actions should be taken by the city?

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Do not have any tourist events at dawn or dusk.

Have everyone in town search for and remove any standing stagnant water.

Give free bug repellent to each tourist.

Tell tourists to avoid wearing bright colors.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

The daily patrons of a local town restaurant became ill with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Without knowing the cause, which of the following actions should be taken immediately to help avoid future problems?

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Establish a series of cooking classes for all citizens

Have a citywide campaign to cover your mouth when sneezing

Use bleach to clean the entire restaurant

Strongly emphasize the importance of proper hand washing to staff

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes why clinical areas are so careful to ensure sanitization of surfaces and equipment between each patient?

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To avoid direct patient-to-patient transmission of infection

To provide a clean environment for clients and staff

To decrease transmission by fomites

To decrease transmission by vectors

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the first step in preventing further spread of a particular sexually transmitted disease (STD)?

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Have a citywide free screening program in all high schools and colleges

Provide public education about safe sex from abstinence to monogamous relationships

Require all public facilities to sanitize all restrooms with a stronger, more effective agent

Treat each infected person with the appropriate pharmaceutical agent

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

A case of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was diagnosed immediately on signs of illness at a tourist site in China. Which of the following actions should be taken to protect the badly needed income from tourist dollars?

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Close the airports and refuse to let the tourists in the area leave

Begin to immunize everyone in the immediate area with protective vaccine as soon as possible

Quarantine the ill person and use isolation techniques when providing care

Screen everyone in the area by requiring a blood and urine sample

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

A patient walks into a community clinic complaining of severe intestinal cramps and diarrhea. Which of the following actions can be taken to protect the staff at the clinic?

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Refuse to see anyone that sick as clinics have a different mission than secondary and tertiary care of the obviously ill

Send the patient immediately to the closest hospital emergency department

Treat the patient with broad-spectrum antibiotics and lots of fluids

Use universal precautions with all patients regardless of the situation

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

During an outbreak in the hospital, all staff members were given immunoglobulin if they were not already immune to the disease. Which of the following types of immunity will the staff who received the immunoglobulin have?

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Active immunity

Long-lasting immunity

Natural immunity

Passive immunity

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

The nurse could not find a vaccine in the refrigerator. The unopened vaccine vial had been put in a storage cabinet with the other medications. The nurse drew up the appropriate dose in the syringe and then put the vial of vaccine in the refrigerator. Which of the following would be the most likely result?

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The client will have immunity to the disease after the vaccination

Primary vaccine failure

Secondary vaccine failure

The injection will not feel so cold to the client

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

A school had tried very hard to uphold the requirement for all children to be vaccinated. However, state law allowed parents to exempt their child if they had a religious reason for refusal. Two children have been diagnosed with chickenpox. Which of the following will be the most likely result?

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Adults as well as children in the neighborhood will get chickenpox.

All the children who played with the two sick children will probably get chickenpox.

All the unimmunized children will probably come down with chickenpox.

Few children will get chickenpox because of herd immunity.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

A community health clinic put a tax levy on the ballot. An angry man asks a nurse, "How can you ask me to pay taxes to buy immunizations for parents who do not want to pay for their kids to get their shots?" Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

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"Don't you think ethically we should help if we can?"

"For many of us, our faith says we have to treat our neighbor as ourselves."

"Only by getting almost everyone immunized can we prevent epidemics that can hurt us all."

"The law requires childhood immunizations, and, if parents can't afford it, you and I will have to help pay."

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best explains how infectious diseases are different from any other health problem?

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Infectious diseases are easier to treat by using pharmaceuticals.

Infectious diseases are more prevalent now than in the past.

Infectious diseases are acute illnesses that catch clients unprepared.

Infectious diseases have the potential to spread, creating a community emergency.

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would be one of the first steps in attempting to control a disease?

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Create an appropriate screening test for widespread use

Define what the disease looks like in confirmed or probable cases

Determine the disease's portal of entry and portal of exit

Measure the extent of its spread geographically

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

The charge nurse notes that two patients had communicable infectious diseases and were treated appropriately. Which of the following actions should be taken next by the nurse?