Complications Due To Aging

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Question 1

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Multiple Choice

All of the following changes are associated with aging EXCEPT:

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loss of elastic fibers.

decreased metabolic rate.

decreased secretion of all hormones.

degenerative vascular changes.

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Question 2

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Multiple Choice

Predisposing factors to osteoporosis in older women include all of the following EXCEPT:

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decreased estrogen secretion.

genetic factors.

sedentary lifestyle.

decreased parathyroid hormone.

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Question 3

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Multiple Choice

Vision in the elderly may be impaired when the eyeball becomes less elastic, thus preventing accommodation and resulting in:

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presbyopia.

cataracts.

glaucoma.

damage to the retina.

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Question 4

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Multiple Choice

What is a major factor leading to increased occurrence of cancer in the elderly?

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Widespread vascular degeneration

Cumulative exposure to carcinogens

Hereditary factors

Increased immune surveillance

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Question 5

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Multiple Choice

Senescence refers to the period of time when:

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mitosis is accelerated.

apoptosis is reduced.

aging changes become apparent.

cell death exceeds cell replacement.

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

Theories about the causes of aging include:

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apoptosis.

wear and tear.

altered protein (amyloid) accumulation.

All the above

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the increasing life span of the general population?

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Reduced cognitive and social activities

Improved living conditions

Better nutrition

Advancements in health care

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

The term given to the change that occurs in women at around age 50 with the cessation of the menstrual cycle is:

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menopause.

dysmenorrhea.

amenorrhea.

menarche.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

Recommendations to reduce the risk factors and the progression of osteoporosis with aging include:

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reducing vitamin D intake.

maintaining walking and weight-bearing exercise.

increasing bone resorption.

maintaining glucocorticoid therapy.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

All are physiological changes that occur with aging EXCEPT:

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reduced skeletal muscle mass.

degeneration of fibrocartilage in intervertebral discs in the spine.

increased basal metabolic rate (BMR).

reduced bladder capacity and incomplete bladder emptying.

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

With advancing age, the major change in the cardiovascular system involves:

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irregular impulse conduction in the heart.

a reduced number of collagen fibers to support cardiac muscle.

vascular degeneration, leading to arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis.

the heart valves becoming thin and weak.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Which of the following may develop in an elderly patient who has several medical problems and is markedly obese?

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Osteoarthritis and cardiovascular complications

Decreased activity and diabetes mellitus

Undesirable interactions with multiple prescription drugs and over-the-counter (OTC) medications

A, B, and C

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