Social Sciences and Humanities
HistoryWestern Civilization/European HistoryThe Western ExperiencePractice Set 2464
HistoryWestern Civilization/European HistoryThe Western ExperiencePractice Set 2464Culture And Society In The Age Of The Scientific Revolution
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- The First CivilizationsThe Forming of Greek CivilizationsClassical and Hellenistic GreeceThe Roman RepublicThe Empire and ChristianityThe Making of Western EuropeThe Empires of the Early Middle Ages 800-1000: Creation and ErosionRestoration of an Ordered SocietyThe Flowering of Medieval CivilizationThe Urban Economy and the Consolidation of StatesBreakdown and Renewal in an Age of PlagueTradition and Change in European Culture, 1300-1500Reformations in ReligionEconomic Expansion and a New PoliticsWar and CrisisCulture and Society in the Age of the Scientific RevolutionThe Emergence of the European State SystemThe Wealth of NationsThe Age of EnlightenmentThe French RevolutionThe Age of NapoleonFoundations of Nineteenth Century EuropeStates and Nations in the Nineteenth Century, 1830-1870Progress and Its DiscontentsNineteenth-Century EmpiresWorld War I and the War It CreatedThe Great Twentieth-Century CrisisThe Nightmare: World War IIEurope in the Postwar ERAEurope in the Global ERA
Question 1
Free
Multiple Choice
A major factor contributing to the scientific revolution was
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the discovery by the humanists that the works of Ptolemy were a forgery.
a loss of interest in magic among educated Europeans.
the invention of instruments that made scientific discoveries possible.
the finding of a lost manuscript of Aristotle that led to the discovery of the law of gravity.
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Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice
Which idea is associated with Copernicus?
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The orbits of the planets are circles.
The orbits of the planets are ellipses.
Jupiter has three moons.
The earth rotates around the sun.
The planets are attached to transparent spheres.
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Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice
Galileo's accomplishments included
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developing the theory of inertia, which undermined Aristotelian physics.
the discovery that the physical makeup of the other heavenly bodies is different from earth's.
proof that the orbits of the planets are elliptical, with the sun at one focus of the ellipse.
the fact that he persuaded the Roman Catholic Church to accept his discoveries as true.
observed proof of the Aristotelian view.
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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice
Galileo
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was brought before the Inquisition.
antagonized Jesuit and Dominican astronomers.
published a book approved by the Church.
antagonized Jesuit and Dominican astronomers, was brought before the Inquisition, and published a book approved by the Church.
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Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true of Isaac Newton?
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He got into fierce arguments with other researchers of his day.
He discovered the law of gravity.
He demonstrated that laws of motion on earth and in the heavens are the same.
He believed the world was stable and orderly.
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Question 6
Multiple Choice
Which of the following words LEAST applies to the scientific outlook?
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skepticism
common sense
experimentation
hypothesis
deduction
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Question 7
Multiple Choice
The primary importance of Francis Bacon to the scientific revolution was
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as a great experimental scientist who formulated the basic law of acceleration.
as a mathematician who provided the third part of Kepler's second law of motion.
as a great theoretical scientist who provided a uniform theory of universal attraction from the work of Copernicus and Galileo.
as a great propagandist who popularized the findings and methodology of the new scientific inquiries.
as the founder of modern philosophy.
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Question 8
Multiple Choice
The intellectual approach of Descartes
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relied on experimentation to confirm his most important ideas.
rested on the basic premise that "I think, therefore I am."
argued that the scientific method could not prove the existence of God.
argued that thought and tangible objects are of the same essence.
was premised upon truths perceived through faith.
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Question 9
Multiple Choice
Scientific societies
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preserved the individualism of scientific research.
were opposed by governments.
encouraged cooperative efforts in research.
symbolized the trend toward decentralization in governments during the seventeenth century.
allowed wide membership.
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Question 10
Multiple Choice
As the discoveries of the new science spread throughout Europe,
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governments played no role in fostering scientific knowledge.
Pascal gained a circle of wealthy followers skeptical that science would improve the human spirit.
ideas of order and regularity affected architecture and landscape design.
members of the wealthy classes ignored the new discoveries as uninteresting and not entertaining.
public scientific events were scorned.
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Question 11
Multiple Choice
Mannerist art was characterized by
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formality, balance, and restraint.
distorted human figures and unnatural lighting effects.
extravagant use of bright colors and abstract design.
emphasis on decorative design.
simplicity in human figures, similar to Gothic sculpture.
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Question 12
Multiple Choice
The works of these two contemporaries, Miguel de Cervantes and William Shakespeare, share
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an underlying concern about human helplessness in the face of uncontrollable change.
a buoyant sense of optimism about the future.
the aspirations of common people for greater social opportunity.
a curious lack of energy, as though profound human questions are too difficult to address.
a desire to overthrow established governments.
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Question 13
Multiple Choice
Baroque art is seen as the visual manifestation of
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the revival of interest in Greece and Rome.
the scientific outlook.
the Counter-Reformation.
increasing secularism.
the Dutch Reformed Church.
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Question 14
Multiple Choice
The artistic work associated with seventeenth-century Classicism
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gave free expression to intense emotion.
required dramatists to confine their settings to ancient Greece and Rome.
frowned upon portraiture as a suitable subject for great art.
found notable patrons in the Habsburg courts.
embraced formal rules and structure.
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Question 15
Multiple Choice
One reason why European population grew slowly or not at all in the seventeenth century was because
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only three in four children reached adulthood.
tens of thousands were emigrating to the New World.
couples tended to marry young, then find themselves unable to support a family.
warfare and economic depression reduced Europe's population by more than five million.
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Question 16
Multiple Choice
In the seventeenth century, social mobility was
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accepted as a desirable goal for all individuals.
easily available to peasants as opportunities to buy land increased.
closed to wealthy commoners because there was no way to enter the nobility.
increased somewhat by the need of expanding bureaucracies for educated officials.
attainable through education, not wealth.
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Question 17
Multiple Choice
Which of the following was NOT usually a method by which the poor coped with their insecurity or discontent?
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charivari
joining the army
petitions to Parliament
witch hunts
consultation with clever men or wise women
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Question 18
Multiple Choice
Traditional village life in the seventeenth century witnessed
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increasing isolation and lack of central governmental control.
increasing impoverishment of all villagers.
a breakdown in the relationship between peasants and landowners.
the emergence of a greater sense of community in the face of extreme hardship.
greater unity among rich and poor peasants.
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Question 19
Multiple Choice
Why were witchcraft accusations directed primarily at old women, especially widows, during the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
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There was hostility to women who appeared to be challenging their traditional subordinate status.
In looking for scapegoats for events that were not explicable, society usually chose those on its margins.
It was believed that women were so lustful that the devil could make them his slaves.
Elderly widows were resented by their neighbors as burdens.
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Question 20
Multiple Choice
Cases of witchcraft declined after the middle of the seventeenth century
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because authorities feared that such actions threatened their own authority.
because ordinary people embraced scientific explanations of natural events.
because people living in urban environments felt less vulnerable to mysterious forces.
both because authorities feared that such actions threatened their own authority and because people living in urban environments felt less vulnerable to mysterious forces.
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