Digestive System Disorders

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Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following cells in the gastric mucosa produce intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid?

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Parietal cells

Chief cells

Mucous cells

Gastrin cells

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?

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Stomach

Duodenum

Ileum

Ascending colon

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

When highly acidic chyme enters the duodenum, which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic secretions that contains very high bicarbonate ion content?

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Gastrin

Secretin

Cholecystokinin

Histamine

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following breaks protein down into peptides?

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Amylase

Peptidase

Lactase

Trypsin

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

In which structure is oxygenated blood (arterial) mixed with unoxygenated blood (venous) so as to support the functions of the structure?

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Pancreas

Liver

Small intestine

Spleen

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

Which of the following stimulates increased peristalsis and secretions in the digestive tract?

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Sympathetic nervous system

Vagus nerve

Increased saliva

Absence of food in the system

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is contained in pancreatic exocrine secretions?

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Bicarbonate ion

Hydrochloric acid

Activated digestive enzymes

Insulin

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

The presence of food in the intestine stimulates intestinal activity but inhibits gastric activity through the:

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defecation reflex.

enterogastric reflex.

vomiting reflex.

autodigestive reflex.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

Which of the following processes is likely to occur in the body immediately after a meal?

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Lipolysis

Ketogenesis

Gluconeogenesis

Glycogenesis

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

What does the term gluconeogenesis refer to?

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Breakdown of glycogen to produce glucose

Conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage

Formation of glucose from protein and fat

Breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Normally, proteins or amino acids are required to produce all of the following EXCEPT:

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peptide hormones.

clotting factors and antibodies.

cellular energy.

hemoglobin.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements applies to bile salts?

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They give feces the characteristic brown color.

They are enzymes used to break down fats into free fatty acids.

They emulsify lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins.

They are excreted in the feces.

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

The visceral peritoneum:

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lines the abdominal wall.

hangs from the stomach over the loops of small intestine.

contains many pain receptors.

forms the outer covering of the stomach.

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

The early stage of vomiting causes:

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metabolic alkalosis.

metabolic acidosis.

increased respirations.

increased excretion of hydrogen ions.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Yellow or greenish stained vomitus usually indicates the presence of:

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bile.

blood.

protein.

bacteria.

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Small, hidden amounts of blood in stool are referred to as:

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melena.

occult blood.

frank blood.

hematemesis.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

Severe vomiting can lead to metabolic acidosis because of increased:

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ketones produced.

CO2 retained in the lungs and kidneys.

hypovolemia and lactic acid production.

metabolic rate.

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Which of the following applies to the act of swallowing?

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It requires coordination of cranial nerves V, IX, X, and XII.

It is entirely voluntary.

It is controlled by a center in the hypothalamus.

It does not affect respiration.

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

What does the defecation reflex require?

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Stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system

Contraction of the internal anal sphincter

Coordination through the sacral spinal cord

Voluntary relaxation of pelvic muscles

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of dysphagia?

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A herniation of the gastric mucosa through a segment of weakened muscle

Recurrent reflux of chyme into the esophagus

Absence of a connection of the esophagus to the stomach

Difficulty in swallowing

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