Which of the following cells in the gastric mucosa produce intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid?
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Parietal cells
Chief cells
Mucous cells
Gastrin cells
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Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?
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Stomach
Duodenum
Ileum
Ascending colon
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Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice
When highly acidic chyme enters the duodenum, which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic secretions that contains very high bicarbonate ion content?
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Gastrin
Secretin
Cholecystokinin
Histamine
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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice
Which of the following breaks protein down into peptides?
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Amylase
Peptidase
Lactase
Trypsin
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Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice
In which structure is oxygenated blood (arterial) mixed with unoxygenated blood (venous) so as to support the functions of the structure?
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Pancreas
Liver
Small intestine
Spleen
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Question 6
Multiple Choice
Which of the following stimulates increased peristalsis and secretions in the digestive tract?
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Sympathetic nervous system
Vagus nerve
Increased saliva
Absence of food in the system
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Question 7
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is contained in pancreatic exocrine secretions?
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Bicarbonate ion
Hydrochloric acid
Activated digestive enzymes
Insulin
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Question 8
Multiple Choice
The presence of food in the intestine stimulates intestinal activity but inhibits gastric activity through the:
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defecation reflex.
enterogastric reflex.
vomiting reflex.
autodigestive reflex.
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Question 9
Multiple Choice
Which of the following processes is likely to occur in the body immediately after a meal?
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Lipolysis
Ketogenesis
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogenesis
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Question 10
Multiple Choice
What does the term gluconeogenesis refer to?
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Breakdown of glycogen to produce glucose
Conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage
Formation of glucose from protein and fat
Breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water
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Question 11
Multiple Choice
Normally, proteins or amino acids are required to produce all of the following EXCEPT:
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peptide hormones.
clotting factors and antibodies.
cellular energy.
hemoglobin.
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Question 12
Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements applies to bile salts?
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They give feces the characteristic brown color.
They are enzymes used to break down fats into free fatty acids.
They emulsify lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins.
They are excreted in the feces.
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Question 13
Multiple Choice
The visceral peritoneum:
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lines the abdominal wall.
hangs from the stomach over the loops of small intestine.
contains many pain receptors.
forms the outer covering of the stomach.
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Question 14
Multiple Choice
The early stage of vomiting causes:
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metabolic alkalosis.
metabolic acidosis.
increased respirations.
increased excretion of hydrogen ions.
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Question 15
Multiple Choice
Yellow or greenish stained vomitus usually indicates the presence of:
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bile.
blood.
protein.
bacteria.
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Question 16
Multiple Choice
Small, hidden amounts of blood in stool are referred to as:
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melena.
occult blood.
frank blood.
hematemesis.
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Question 17
Multiple Choice
Severe vomiting can lead to metabolic acidosis because of increased:
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ketones produced.
CO2 retained in the lungs and kidneys.
hypovolemia and lactic acid production.
metabolic rate.
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Question 18
Multiple Choice
Which of the following applies to the act of swallowing?
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It requires coordination of cranial nerves V, IX, X, and XII.
It is entirely voluntary.
It is controlled by a center in the hypothalamus.
It does not affect respiration.
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Question 19
Multiple Choice
What does the defecation reflex require?
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Stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system
Contraction of the internal anal sphincter
Coordination through the sacral spinal cord
Voluntary relaxation of pelvic muscles
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Question 20
Multiple Choice
What is the definition of dysphagia?
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A herniation of the gastric mucosa through a segment of weakened muscle
Recurrent reflux of chyme into the esophagus
Absence of a connection of the esophagus to the stomach