Endocrine System Disorders

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Question 1

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Multiple Choice

What kind of control mechanism is indicated when increased blood glucose levels stimulate increased secretion of insulin?

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Control by releasing hormones

Control by tropic hormones

Negative feedback control

Hypothalamus/hypophysis coordination

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Question 2

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Multiple Choice

What is the most common cause of endocrine disorders?

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Malignant neoplasm

Infection

Congenital defect

Benign tumor

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Question 3

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Multiple Choice

Choose the statement that applies to type 1 diabetes mellitus.

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Onset often occurs during childhood.

Relative insufficiency of insulin or insulin resistance develops.

It can be treated by diet, weight control and exercise, or oral hypoglycemics.

Complications rarely occur.

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Question 4

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Multiple Choice

Why does polyuria develop with diabetes mellitus?

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Increased thirst and hypoglycemia

Ketoacidosis

Osmotic pressure due to glucose

Diabetic nephropathy

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Question 5

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Multiple Choice

What is the cause of diabetic ketoacidosis?

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Excess insulin in the body

Loss of glucose in the urine

Failure of the kidney to excrete sufficient acids

Increased catabolism of fats and proteins

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

What is a precipitating factor for diabetic ketoacidosis?

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Skipping a meal

Anorexia

Serious infection

Insulin overdose

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Question 7

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Which of the following may cause insulin shock to develop?

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Strenuous exercise

Missing an insulin dose

Eating excessively large meals

Sedentary lifestyle

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

Which of the following indicates hypoglycemia in a diabetic?

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Deep, rapid respirations

Flushed dry skin and mucosa

Thirst and oliguria

Staggering gait, disorientation, and confusion

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis in an unconscious person?

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Pale moist skin

Thirst and poor skin turgor

Deep rapid respirations and fruity breath odor

Tremors and strong rapid pulse

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Immediate treatment for insulin shock may include:

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administration of bicarbonates.

consumption of fruit juice or candy.

induced vomiting.

consumption of large amounts of water.

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

What causes loss of consciousness in a person with diabetic ketoacidosis?

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Toxic effects of excessive insulin

Excessive glucose in the blood

Metabolic acidosis

Lack of glucose in brain cells

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does NOT usually develop as a complication of diabetes?

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Osteoporosis

Nephropathy

Impotence

Peripheral neuropathy

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

How do many oral hypoglycemic drugs act?

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To replace insulin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)

To transport glucose into body cells

To prevent gluconeogenesis

To stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin

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Question 14

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Diabetes may cause visual impairment through damage to the lens; this is referred to as:

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cataracts.

macular degeneration.

myopia.

strabismus.

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Question 15

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Why is amputation frequently a necessity in diabetics?

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Necrosis and gangrene in the feet and legs

Lack of glucose to the cells in the feet and legs

Severe dehydration in the tissues

Elevated blood glucose increasing blood viscosity

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Question 16

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A type of diabetes that may develop during pregnancy and disappear after delivery is called:

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temporary maternal diabetes.

fetal diabetes.

acute developmental diabetes.

gestational diabetes.

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Question 17

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Which one of the following develops hypoglycemia more frequently?

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Type 1 diabetic patients

Type 2 diabetic patients

Patients with a poor stress response

Patients with a regular exercise and meal plan

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes Addison's disease?

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Increased glucocorticoids

Decreased glucocorticoids

Deficit of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Deficit of T3 and T4

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes myxedema?

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Increased glucocorticoids

Decreased glucocorticoids

Deficit of ADH

Deficit of T3 and T4

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes diabetes insipidus?

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Increased insulin

Decreased glucocorticoids

Deficit of ADH

Deficit of T3 and T4

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