Environmental Hazards And Associated Problems

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Question 1

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following is likely to result from lead poisoning?

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Damage to the brain and peripheral nerves

Inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs

Various cancers

Displacement of oxygen from hemoglobin

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

During the development of hyperthermia, the state of heat exhaustion is indicated when:

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body core temperature is very high.

skeletal muscle spasms occur.

hypovolemia and fainting occur.

the cool-down process is too rapid.

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Question 3

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Multiple Choice

What is/are signs of hypothermia?

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Systemic vasodilation

Lethargy and confusion

Nausea and cramps

Rapid but strong pulse

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following types of cells are most likely to be damaged by exposure to radiation?

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Bone and cartilage

Skeletal and smooth muscle

Peripheral and central neurons

Epithelial tissue and bone marrow

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following events would most likely cause a person to faint and experience difficulty breathing?

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Exposure to gamma rays

Eating fish containing mercury

An insect sting

Inhalation of asbestos particles

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

Bites and stings cause disease in which three ways?

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Injection of toxins, transmission of infectious agents, or allergic reactions

High fever and chills, transmission of infectious agents, or nausea and vomiting

Bone marrow damage, extensive skin rashes, or allergic reactions

Injection of neurotoxins, transmission of infectious agents, or kidney damage

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Institutions frequently have outbreaks of infection associated with poultry products contaminated by:

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E. coli

Salmonella

Listeria

HIV

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

The amount of radiation absorbed by the body is measured in rads, or _________ .

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radiation-absorbed doses.

roentgen-absorbed doses.

radiation-emission number.

radiation ionizing rate.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

The term pica refers to:

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the consumption of nonfood substances such as clay.

diffuse edema and degeneration of neurons in the brain.

particulates in the respiratory tract.

high levels of mercury in the blood.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Inhalants can be:

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a particulate such as asbestos.

gaseous, such as sulfur dioxide.

a solvent, such as benzene.

A, B, and C

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct effects of exposure of the ears to very cold temperatures:

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Loss of sensation

Lethargy and confusion

Vascular occlusions

A and C

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

During the development of hyperthermia, the stage of heat stroke is marked by:

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shock and coma.

hypervolemia and headache.

diaphoresis and decreasing body temperature.

dizziness, fainting, and headache.

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a potential effect of a bite or sting?

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Immediate heart failure

Anaphylaxis

Severe nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

Bone marrow damage

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

Bites from both wild and domesticated animals may cause:

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anaphylaxis.

Shigella outbreaks.

rabies.

severe pain and headache.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is considered carcinogenic?

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Lead

Carbon monoxide

Inhaled particulates

Mercury

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Illness in institutions may be traced back to food handlers who:

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are carriers of pathogens.

do not practice adequate hand-washing or sanitization.

bring in pathogens from home or the community.

A, B, and C

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

A common illness for tourists in developing countries is "traveler's diarrhea," often caused by:

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Salmonella

Shigella

E. coli

Listeria

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Radiation damage may occur from repeated exposure to:

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ultraviolet rays.

X-rays.

radioactive substances.

A, B, and C

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Two types of eye damage that can be caused by a laser beam are:

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chemical and structural.

thermal burn and photochemical damage.

tissue necrosis and vascular occlusions.

formation of deep lesions in the optic nerve and in the sclera.

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