The Evolution Of Management Thinking

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Question 1
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 The earliest forms of management were on the needs of people.

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Question 2
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 Management practices and perspectives vary in response to social, political, and economic changes in the larger society.

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Question 3
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 With a focus on things of production, management focus on meeting human needs for greater motivation and engagement to increase effectiveness.

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 The struggle to balance the "things of production" with the "humanity of production" has continued from the nineteenth century to today.

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Question 5
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 Social business is one of the oldest approaches in the evolution of management thinking and practice.

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Question 6
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 The classical perspective on management emerged during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

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Question 7
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 The humanistic perspective contains three subfields: scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and administrative principles.

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Question 8
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 Frederick W. Taylor developed systems thinking and emphasized the 14 principles of management that should guide managerial behavior.

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Question 9
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 A criticism of human relations management is that it ignores the social context and workers' needs.

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Question 10
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 One of the criticisms of scientific management is it did not acknowledge variance among individuals.

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Question 11
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 Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of behavioral science.

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Question 12
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 With clear definitions of authority and responsibility, division of labor is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy.

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Question 13
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 Administrative acts and decisions recorded in writing is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy.

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Question 14
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 Fayol's unity of command principle emphasizes that each subordinate receives orders from one-and only one-superior.

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Question 15
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 The unity of direction principle proposes that similar activities in an organization should be grouped together under one manager.

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Question 16
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 The scalar chain is a hypothetical chain that provides horizontal links between unionized workers in different departments in an organization.

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Question 17
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 Scientific management focuses on employee competence, whereas the administrative principles approach focuses on work flow through the organization.

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Question 18
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 Follett and Barnard were early advocates of a more humanistic perspective on management that emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace, as well as social interactions and group processes.

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Question 19
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 Mary Parker Follett's approach to leadership stressed the importance of engineering techniques rather than people.

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Question 20
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 A social group within an organization is part of the informal organization.

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