The earliest forms of management were on the needs of people.
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Question 2
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Management practices and perspectives vary in response to social, political, and economic changes in the larger society.
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Question 3
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With a focus on things of production, management focus on meeting human needs for greater motivation and engagement to increase effectiveness.
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Question 4
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The struggle to balance the "things of production" with the "humanity of production" has continued from the nineteenth century to today.
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Question 5
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Social business is one of the oldest approaches in the evolution of management thinking and practice.
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Question 6
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The classical perspective on management emerged during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
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Question 7
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The humanistic perspective contains three subfields: scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and administrative principles.
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Question 8
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Frederick W. Taylor developed systems thinking and emphasized the 14 principles of management that should guide managerial behavior.
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Question 9
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A criticism of human relations management is that it ignores the social context and workers' needs.
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Question 10
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One of the criticisms of scientific management is it did not acknowledge variance among individuals.
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Question 11
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Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of behavioral science.
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Question 12
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With clear definitions of authority and responsibility, division of labor is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy.
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Question 13
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Administrative acts and decisions recorded in writing is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy.
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Question 14
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Fayol's unity of command principle emphasizes that each subordinate receives orders from one-and only one-superior.
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Question 15
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The unity of direction principle proposes that similar activities in an organization should be grouped together under one manager.
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Question 16
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The scalar chain is a hypothetical chain that provides horizontal links between unionized workers in different departments in an organization.
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Question 17
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Scientific management focuses on employee competence, whereas the administrative principles approach focuses on work flow through the organization.
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Question 18
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Follett and Barnard were early advocates of a more humanistic perspective on management that emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace, as well as social interactions and group processes.
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Question 19
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Mary Parker Follett's approach to leadership stressed the importance of engineering techniques rather than people.
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Question 20
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A social group within an organization is part of the informal organization.