Fluid, Electrolyte, And Acid-base Balance

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Question 1

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Multiple Choice

The two organs that play an important role in maintaining acid-base balance are the

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liver and gallbladder.

liver and kidneys.

heart and lungs.

lungs and kidneys.

heart and liver.

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Question 2

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Multiple Choice

Intracellular fluid (ICF) is found only within

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blood vessels.

lymph.

the cells of the body.

the interstitial space.

the cerebrospinal fluid.

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

Substances that can carry electrical current across cell membranes are called

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electrons.

electrolytes.

nonelectrolytes.

osmoregulators.

buffers.

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

Homeostatic mechanisms that monitor and adjust the composition of body fluids respond to changes in the ________ fluid.

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lymphatic

intracellular

plasma

extracellular

cerebrospinal

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Question 5

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Multiple Choice

In an adult female, the body consists of about ________ percent water.

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

All of the following are components of ECF except

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cerebrospinal fluid.

peritoneal fluid.

lymph.

aqueous humor.

RBCs.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

In a lean adult male, the body consists of about ________ percent water.

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

The principal cation in intracellular fluid is

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sodium.

potassium.

calcium.

magnesium.

chloride.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

The anions in highest concentration in the extracellular fluid are

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sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate.

sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate.

sodium, potassium, and chloride.

proteins, bicarbonate, and chloride.

sodium, potassium, and phosphate.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Which hormone plays a central role in determining the rate of sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion?

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ADH

aldosterone

BNP

ANP

epinephrine

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Which hormone most affects the osmolarity of blood?

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ADH

angiotensin II

PTH

ANP

epinephrine

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Which hormone(s) is released by heart muscle in response to excessive chamber volume?

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ADH

aldosterone

PTH

acetylcholine

natriuretic peptides

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

In clinical estimates, of total body water is in the ICF and in the ECF.

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one-tenth; nine-tenths

one-quarter; three-quarters

one-half; one-half

two-thirds; one-third

one-third; two-thirds

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

The release of atrial naturetic peptides from the heart will cause the body to

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conserve sodium ions.

decrease ECF.

excrete potassium ions.

conserve sodium ions and decrease ECF.

excrete sodium ions and decrease ECF.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Angiotensin II produces a coordinated elevation in the ECF volume by all of the following mechanisms except

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stimulating thirst.

causing the release of ADH.

triggering the production and secretion of aldosterone.

stimulating the kidneys to conserve sodium.

increasing PNS activity.

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Aldosterone

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is secreted in response to decreased levels of potassium in the blood.

promotes sodium retention in the kidneys.

helps decrease blood volume and lower blood pressure.

regulates blood calcium levels.

regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

The principal ions in extracellular fluid are sodium, chloride, and

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potassium.

magnesium.

phosphate.

bicarbonate.

iodine.

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

________ promotes water reabsorption at the kidneys and stimulates thirst.

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ADH

Aldosterone

Calcitonin

Renin

Natriuretic peptide

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

The two major subdivisions of the ECF are the

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ICF and plasma.

interstitial fluid and plasma.

lymph and plasma.

serous fluids and lymph.

interstitial fluid and CSF.

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

The principal ions in intracellular fluid are magnesium, phosphate and

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sodium.

bicarbonate.

chloride.

calcium.

potassium.

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Fluid, Electrolyte, And Acid-base Balance

The two organs that play an important role in maintaining acid-base balance are the

Intracellular fluid (ICF) is found only within

Substances that can carry electrical current across cell membranes are called

Homeostatic mechanisms that monitor and adjust the composition of body fluids respond to changes in the ________ fluid.

In an adult female, the body consists of about ________ percent water.

All of the following are components of ECF except

In a lean adult male, the body consists of about ________ percent water.

The principal cation in intracellular fluid is

The anions in highest concentration in the extracellular fluid are

Which hormone plays a central role in determining the rate of sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion?

Which hormone most affects the osmolarity of blood?

Which hormone(s) is released by heart muscle in response to excessive chamber volume?

In clinical estimates, ________ of total body water is in the ICF and ________ in the ECF.

The release of atrial naturetic peptides from the heart will cause the body to

Angiotensin II produces a coordinated elevation in the ECF volume by all of the following mechanisms except

Aldosterone

The principal ions in extracellular fluid are sodium, chloride, and

________ promotes water reabsorption at the kidneys and stimulates thirst.

The two major subdivisions of the ECF are the

The principal ions in intracellular fluid are magnesium, phosphate and

In clinical estimates, of total body water is in the ICF and in the ECF.