Gene Expression: Translation

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Question 1

Free

Short Answer

Please select the best match for each term.
A)Acidic
B)Neutral,nonpolar
C)Neutral,polar
D)Atypical structure
E)Basic
-1)Glutamic acid
2)Glycine
3)Arginine
4)Serine
5)Proline

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a characteristic of proteins?

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High molecular weight

Presence of nitrogen

Presence of amino acids

Presence of nucleic acids

Structure built of one or more polypeptides

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

Where does translation take place?

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In the cytoplasm

In the nucleus

In the nucleolus

Anywhere in the cell

In the centriole

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

Every amino acid contains

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an amino group and a hydroxyl group.

an amino group and an acetyl group.

a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group.

a carboxyl group and an amino group.

a carboxyl group and a hydroxyl group.

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

What is the function of a ribosome?

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To direct transcription

To attach amino acids to the appropriate tRNAs

To unwind the double-stranded DNA helix to enable translation

To hold mRNA and tRNAs in the correct positions to enable translation

To make more mRNA

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

What is the basic shape of a tRNA molecule?

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A three-dimensional cloverleaf

A straight strand

A right-handed helix

A globular ball

A β-pleated sheet

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

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It brings together two subunits of a ribosome.

It couples an amino acid with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.

It helps fold up the finished polypeptide chain.

It catalyzes peptidyl transferase activity.

It binds to an mRNA codon and carries the corresponding amino acid.

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

How can a carrot plant express a bacterial gene?

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Because the bacterial gene hijacks the carrot's cellular machinery

Because the genetic code is the same in both organisms

Because of the wobble phenomenon

Because of the degeneracy of the genetic code

A carrot cannot express a bacterial gene.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

In the genetic code,both AAU and AAC code for asparagine.For this reason,the code is said to be

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degenerate.

nonspecific.

universal.

ambiguous.

wobbly.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

In a gene sequence,the DNA codon for tryptophan experiences a mutation at the first base position,changing it to T.What will the resulting amino acid be?

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Tryptophan (no change)

Serine

Arginine

Threonine

None (a stop codon will halt translation)

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

A mutation causes a G to be inserted after the first base of the codon for tryptophan.How will this affect the growing polypeptide chain?

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It will not be affected.

Elongation will stop prematurely.

There will be a single amino acid substitution.

The reading frame will be shifted to the left,and the wrong amino acids will be added from this point on.

None of these

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

A β-pleated sheet is a type of

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primary structure found in a protein.

secondary structure found in a protein.

tertiary structure found in a protein.

quaternary structure found in a protein.

heme structure found in a protein.

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Which of the following events signals the termination of translation?

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The ribosome reaches the end of the mRNA.

The ribosome reaches a start codon.

The ribosome reaches a stop codon.

The ribosome runs out of charged tRNAs.

The polypeptide chain folds into a protein.

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

A peptide bond forms between the of one amino acid and the of another.

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amino group,carboxyl group

amino group,R group

carboxyl group,sulfide group

amino group,phosphate group

R group,R group

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

The majority of naturally occurring amino acids are

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acidic and polar.

basic and nonpolar.

acidic and nonpolar.

neutral and nonpolar.

neutral and polar.

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Molecular chaperones

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help guide proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

help guide proteins from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum.

help fold proteins properly.

are proteins with structural function.

are proteins with enzymatic function.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

The concept that a set of three nucleotides specifies a particular amino acid provides the basis for

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the one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis.

the one-gene-one-polypeptide hypothesis.

the genetic code.

biochemical reactions among nucleic acids.

All of these

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

In eukaryotes,the AUG initiation codon is located in the ________ sequence.

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Shine-Dalgarno

Kozak

Khorana

Goldberg-Hogness

Pribnow

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

How many naturally occurring amino acids are used by ribosomes to construct proteins?

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is not true of proteins destined for the ER?

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They have a signal sequence.

The signal sequence for the ER consists of 15-30 amino acids.

The proteins are modified with carbohydrates in the ER.

The signal sequence is subsequently removed from the mature protein.

The SRP binds to the protein and prevents entry into the ER until translation is completed.

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Gene Expression: Translation

Please select the best match for each term.A)AcidicB)Neutral,nonpolarC)Neutral,polarD)Atypical structureE)Basic-1)Glutamic acid2)Glycine3)Arginine4)Serine5)Proline

Which of the following is not a characteristic of proteins?

Where does translation take place?

Every amino acid contains

What is the function of a ribosome?

What is the basic shape of a tRNA molecule?

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

How can a carrot plant express a bacterial gene?

In the genetic code,both AAU and AAC code for asparagine.For this reason,the code is said to be

In a gene sequence,the DNA codon for tryptophan experiences a mutation at the first base position,changing it to T.What will the resulting amino acid be?

A mutation causes a G to be inserted after the first base of the codon for tryptophan.How will this affect the growing polypeptide chain?

A β-pleated sheet is a type of

Which of the following events signals the termination of translation?

A peptide bond forms between the ________ of one amino acid and the ________ of another.

The majority of naturally occurring amino acids are

Molecular chaperones

The concept that a set of three nucleotides specifies a particular amino acid provides the basis for

In eukaryotes,the AUG initiation codon is located in the ________ sequence.

How many naturally occurring amino acids are used by ribosomes to construct proteins?

Which of the following statements is not true of proteins destined for the ER?

Please select the best match for each term.
A)Acidic
B)Neutral,nonpolar
C)Neutral,polar
D)Atypical structure
E)Basic
-1)Glutamic acid
2)Glycine
3)Arginine
4)Serine
5)Proline

A peptide bond forms between the of one amino acid and the of another.