Genetic And Genomic Variation
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- DNA Structure and FunctionProtein SynthesisGenetic Influence on Cell Division, Differentiation, and GametogenesisPatterns of InheritanceEpigenetic Influences on Gene ExpressionAutosomal Inheritance and DisordersSex Chromosome and Mitochondrial Inheritance and DisordersFamily History and Pedigree ConstructionCongenital Anomalies, Basic Dysmorphology, and Genetic AssessmentEnzyme and Collagen DisordersCommon Childhood-Onset Genetic DisordersCommon Adult-Onset DisordersCardiovascular DisordersThe Genetics of CancerGenetic Contributions to Psychiatric and Behavioral DisordersGenetic and Genomic TestingAssessing Genomic Variation in Drug ResponseHealth Professionals and Genomic CareFinancial, Ethical, Legal, and Social ConsiderationsGenetic and Genomic Variation
Question 1
Free
Multiple Choice
What is the main purpose of population genetics?
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Determining the factors that allow allelic frequencies to change over time
Determining the geographic origins of specific genetic-based disorders
Assessing the effects of assortive mating on natural selection and evolution
Assessing the differences between race and ethnicity for susceptibility and resistance to infectious diseases
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Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice
What factors could increase genetic diversity in a particular population?
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Genetic drift
The population effect
The bottleneck effect
Increased number of haplotypes
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Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice
What criteria must a population meet in order to stay in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
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Random mating, no migration, and no mutation
Founding commonalities and no haplotype differences
Assortative mating, migration, and frequent mutation
Limited procreation, no diet change
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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice
What pieces of genetic information tend to be passed down from generation to generation with the least variation?
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Mitochondrial DNA
Nuclear DNA
Ribosomal DNA
Histone proteins
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Question 5
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Multiple Choice
Why is it important to consider population genetics?
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Natural selection can increase genetic diversity.
Accurate assessment of a person's ethnicity can be identified from DNA.
Disease risk can vary as a result of the geographic origin of one's ancestors.
Knowing ethnicity allows accurate prediction of Huntington disease risk.
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Question 6
Multiple Choice
Which practice is most likely to result in a change in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of a population or geographic area?
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Random mating from within the established population
Geographic isolation of the established population
Assimilation of immigrants into the existing population
Preponderance of autosomal-dominant traits in the existing population
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Question 7
Multiple Choice
Agroup of eight space travelers, four men and four women, settled on the planet Zebulon. Their descendants had a very high rate of the autosomal-dominant disorder moonophilia distractens. What factor could explain this phenomenon?
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Equal exposure to an environmental mutagen
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Variable expressivity
Founder effect
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Question 8
Multiple Choice
Asmall group of people left their homeland and set sail for a tropical island. They settled there, and their descendants lived for many generations. Unfortunately,a relatively high proportion of this new population is afflicted with an autosomal-recessive disease. What would explain this?
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They encouraged immigration of people from the mainland.
An unidentified environmental radiation source was present on the island.
One of the original group members had the gene mutation from conception.
Their lack of genetic diversity made them more vulnerable to new mutations.
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Question 9
Multiple Choice
The Black Death was a pandemic spreading across Europe between 1348 and 1350. Estimates state that 30% to 60% of Europe's population died from the Black Death.If welook at Europe's population before the pandemic and compare it to the population several generations later, what are we likely to find?
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More genetic diversity in later generations
Less genetic diversity in later generations
Less genetic diversity in earlier generations
The same degree of genetic diversity in later as in earlier generations
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Question 10
Multiple Choice
Why are people of Ashkenazi Jewish descent more likely to be carriers of the mutations that cause Tay-Sachs and Gaucher disease?
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The environment of Eastern Europe increased their risk of developing a mutation.
The common diet shared by these people has reduced their genetic diversity.
Bottleneck effects have reduced the genetic diversity in this population.
Being heterozygous for these diseases allowed them to survive cholera.
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Question 11
Multiple Choice
Which term refers to a random change in allele frequencies, not based on natural selection?
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Population bottleneck
Genetic drift
Founder effect
Migration effect
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Question 12
Multiple Choice
Which statement regarding genetic diversity is most accurate?
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Larger genes are more likely to display diversity than small genes.
Genetic diversity is significant only when a population is isolated.
Genetic disorders are more common in populations that have greater genetic diversity.
Population bottlenecks result in loss of alleles that provide minimal selection advantage.
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