Genetics Of Cancer

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Question 1

Free

Short Answer

Please select the best match for each term.
A)Proteins that can stop the cell cycle
B)Are made and degraded at specific points in the cell cycle
C)Genes that produce abnormally active cell growth proteins
D)Normal growth-promoting genes
E)Phosphorylate proteins important to the cell cycle
-1)CDK
2)Cyclins
3)Oncogenes
4)Proto-oncogenes
5)Tumor suppressors

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

Hereditary retinoblastoma is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer.Cells from retinal tumors in a child who has this disease possess

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evidence of non-disjunction in all autosomes.

one non-functional copy of the retinoblastoma gene.

two non-functional copies of the retinoblastoma gene.

trisomy for the retinblastoma gene.

a dominant mutation in the retinoblastoma gene.

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

Apoptosis is

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rapid cell division.

caused by proto-oncogenes.

the change in shape of a cell when it becomes cancerous.

programmed cell death.

None of these

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

Protein kinases are enzymes that normally catalyze the

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degradation of cellular proteins.

phosphorylation of cellular proteins.

formation of peptide bonds in proteins.

phosphorylation of ADP.

synthesis of kinins.

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

A proto-oncogene that gains function due to amplification,translocation to a more transcriptionally active area of the genome,or a mutation that causes either an increase in function or the suppression of down-regulation,is

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a pseudo-oncogene.

recessive.

dominant.

an oncogene.

C and D only

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

Metastatic cancer is

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terminally differentiated.

malignant.

invasive.

B and C only

A,B,and C

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Retroviruses are responsible for which of the following conditions?

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Rous sarcoma

AIDS

Feline leukemia

Mouse mammary tumors

All of these

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

Mutations in a normal growth-stimulating gene are most likely to have no effect or to cause

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the loss of responsiveness to growth stimulation in the cell with the mutant gene.

the cell with the mutant gene to become cancerous.

excessive growth in the cells surrounding the one with the mutant gene.

a mutator effect in the cell with the mutant gene.

apoptosis of the cell with the mutant gene.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

Small DNA tumor viruses such as SV40 and HPV have viral oncogenes that are not homologs of host cell genes.Some of these novel viral oncogenes make proteins that exert their tumorigenic effect by

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binding to and inactivating pRB.

making Gag,Pol and Env proteins more active.

causing cellular proto-oncogenes to mutate into oncogenes.

causing apoptosis in target tissues.

inactivating the immune system.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

________ play a pivotal role in programmed cell death.

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Cyclins

Telomeres

Proto-oncogenes

Oncogenes

Telomerases

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

In sporadic (nonhereditary)cancers,mutations occur in ________ cells.

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germ

somatic

undifferentiated

mammary

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Cancer is best defined as

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immune dysfunction.

uncontrolled and abnormal cell division.

viral malignancy.

regulated differentiation of tissue.

cellular deregulation.

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Agents that can induce cancer through mutagenesis are called

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destabilizers.

cancerogens.

mutagens.

carcinogens.

None of these

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

In retroviruses,the pol gene product is a(n)

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DNA polymerase.

reverse transcriptase.

integrase.

RNA polymerase.

recombinase.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Cancer may arise as a result of

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mutations associated with viral infection.

mutations associated with chemical mutagens.

mutations associated with radiation.

spontaneous mutations.

All of these

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

v-onc genes are found in

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vital cells.

viral cells.

cancer-causing retroviruses.

very rapidly growing cells.

bacteriophages.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

Malignant breast,colon,and lung cancers typically have

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mutated tumor suppressor genes.

active oncogenes.

chromosomal abnormalities.

activated telomerase.

All of these

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is not true?

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Certain types of virus can cause cancer.

Melanomas are commonly caused by ionizing radiation.

Neoplasia is another term for cancerous cells.

About half the people with cancer have a mutation in a p53 gene.

Most cancers are hereditary.

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not likely to be a tumor suppressor?

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A growth factor receptor

A checkpoint protein

A DNA repair enzyme

An apoptosis-promoting factor

The negative regulator of a CDK

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

Cell proliferation in culture is normally limited by

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cytophagy.

quorum sensing.

contact inhibition.

competition.

nutrient limitation.

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