Heart And Peripheral Vascular System

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Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

A nurse informs a patient that her blood pressure is 128/78. The patient asks what the number 128 means. What is the nurse's appropriate response? The 128 represents the pressure in your blood vessels when:

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"The ventricles relax and the aortic and pulmonic valves open."

"The ventricles contract and the mitral and tricuspid valves close."

"The ventricles contract and the mitral and tricuspid valves open."

"The ventricles relax and the aortic and pulmonic valves close."

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

A nurse determines that a patient has a heart rate of 42 beats/min. What might be a cause of this heart rate?

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Sinoatrial (SA) node failure

Atrial bradycardia

A well-conditioned heart muscle

Left ventricular hypertrophy

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

While taking a history, a nurse learns that a patient had rheumatic heart disease as a child. Based on this information, what abnormal data might this nurse expect to find during an examination?

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An extra beat just before the S2 heart sound heard during auscultation

A raspy machine-like or blowing sound heard during auscultation

A prominent thrust of the heart against the chest wall felt on palpation

A visible indentation of pericardial tissue noted during inspection

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

A nurse is completing a symptom analysis with a patient complaining of chest pain. When asked what makes the chest pain worse, the patient reports that coughing and sneezing increase the chest pain. Based on these data, what does the nurse suspect as the cause of this patient's chest pain?

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Stable angina

Esophageal reflux disease

Mitral valve prolapse

Costochondritis

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

The patient describes her chest pain as "squeezing, crushing, and 12 on a scale of 10." This pain started more than an hour ago while she was resting, and she also feels nauseous. Based on these findings, the nurse should assess for which associated symptoms?

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Tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypertension

Dyspnea, diaphoresis, and palpitations

Hyperventilation, fatigue, anorexia, and emotional strain

Fever, dyspnea, orthopnea, and friction rub

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

When auscultating the heart of a patient with pericarditis, the nurse expects to hear which sound?

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A systolic murmur

An S3 heart sound

A friction rub

An S4 heart sound

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Which patient's statement helps a nurse distinguish between chest pain originating from pericarditis rather than from angina?

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"No, I have not done anything to strain chest muscles."

"If I take a deep breath, the pain gets much worse."

"This pain feels like there's an elephant sitting on my chest."

"Whenever this pain happens, it goes right away if I lie down."

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

While taking a history, a nurse learns that this patient experiences shortness of breath (dyspnea). If the cause of the dyspnea is a cardiovascular problem, the nurse expects which abnormal finding on examination?

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Flat jugular neck veins

Red, shiny skin on the legs

Weak, thready peripheral pulses

Edema of the feet and ankles

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

A nurse is assessing a patient's peripheral circulation. Which finding indicates venous insufficiency of this patient's legs?

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Paresthesias and weak, thin peripheral pulses

Leg pain that can be relieved by walking

Edema that is worse at the end of the day

Leg pain that increases when the legs are lowered

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

A patient reports having leg pain while walking that is relieved with rest. Based on these data, the nurse expects which finding on inspection and palpation of this patient?

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1+ edema of the feet and ankles bilaterally

The circumference of the right leg is larger than the left leg

Patchy petechiae and purpura of the lower extremities

Cool feet with capillary refill of toes greater than 3 seconds

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

How does a nurse accurately palpate carotid pulses?

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Two fingers of each hand are placed firmly over the right and left temples at the same time.

One finger is placed gently in the space between the biceps and triceps muscles.

Two fingers are placed at the thumb side of the forearm at the wrist.

One finger is placed along the right and then the left medial sternocleidomastoid muscle.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

To document the palpation of a pulse, the nurse is correct in making which notation about the rhythm?

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"Rhythm 100 beats/min"

"Irregular rhythm"

"Rhythm noted at +2"

"Bounding rhythm"

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

A nurse expects which finding during a cardiovascular assessment of a healthy adult?

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Visible, consistent pulsations of the jugular vein

Pink nail beds with a 90-degree angle at the base

Capillary refill of the toes greater than 5 seconds

Bruits heard on auscultation of the carotid arteries

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

Which pulse may be a challenge for a nurse to palpate?

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Temporal

Femoral

Popliteal

Dorsalis pedis

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

When assessing a patient with aortic valve stenosis, the nurse should palpate for which abnormality to detect a thrill?

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Sustained thrust of the heart against the chest wall during systole

Visible sinking of the tissues between and around the ribs

Fine, palpable vibration felt over the precordium

Bounding pulse noted bilaterally

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

A nurse is having difficulty auscultating a patient's heart sounds because the lung sounds are too loud. What does the nurse ask the patient to do to improve hearing the heart sounds?

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Lie in a supine position.

Cough.

Hold his or her breath for a few seconds.

Sit up and lean forward.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

While assessing edema on a male patient's lower leg, the nurse notices that there is a slight imprint of his fingers where he palpated the patient's leg. How does the nurse document this finding?

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No edema

1+ edema

2+ edema

3+ edema

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Where does a nurse place a stethoscope to auscultate the mitral valve area? Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct stethoscope placement.

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Which valve does a nurse auscultate when the stethoscope is placed on the fourth intercostal space at the left of the sternal border?

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Pulmonic

Tricuspid

Mitral

Aortic

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

A patient reports that he has coronary artery disease with ventricular hypertrophy. Based on these data, what finding should the nurse expect during assessment?

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S4 heart sound

Clubbing of fingers

Splitting of the S1 heart sound

Pericardial friction rub

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