Inflammation And Healing

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Question 1

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Multiple Choice

A specific defense for the body is:

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phagocytosis.

sensitized T lymphocytes.

the inflammatory response.

intact skin and mucous membranes.

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Question 2

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Multiple Choice

The inflammatory response is a nonspecific response to:

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phagocytosis of foreign material.

local vasodilation.

any tissue injury.

formation of purulent exudates.

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Question 3

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Multiple Choice

Chemical mediators released during the inflammatory response include:

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albumin and fibrinogen.

growth factors and cell enzymes.

macrophages and neutrophils.

histamine and prostaglandins.

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Question 4

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Multiple Choice

Granulation tissue is best described as:

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highly vascular, very fragile, and very susceptible to infection.

an erosion through the wall of viscera, leading to complications.

a type of adhesion with no vascularization.

a form of stenosis, in a duct, that is extremely tough and resists attack by microbes.

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Question 5

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Multiple Choice

Edema associated with inflammation results directly from:

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increased fluid and protein in the interstitial compartment.

increased phagocytes in the affected area.

decreased capillary permeability.

general vasoconstriction.

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

The warmth and redness related to the inflammatory response results from:

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increased interstitial fluid.

production of complement.

a large number of white blood cells (WBCs) entering the area.

increased blood flow into the area.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

The process of phagocytosis involves the:

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ingestion of foreign material and cell debris by leukocytes.

shift of fluid and protein out of capillaries.

formation of a fibrin mesh around the infected area.

movement of erythrocytes through the capillary wall.

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

Systemic effects of severe inflammation include:

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erythema and warmth.

loss of movement at the affected joint.

fatigue, anorexia, and mild fever.

abscess formation.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

The term leukocytosis means:

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increased white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood.

decreased WBCs in the blood.

increased number of immature circulating leukocytes.

significant change in the proportions of WBCs.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements applies to fever?

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Viral infection is usually present.

Heat-loss mechanisms have been stimulated.

It is caused by a signal to the thalamus.

It results from release of pyrogens into the circulation.

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Mechanisms to bring an elevated body temperature down to the normal level include:

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general cutaneous vasodilation.

generalized shivering.

increased heart rate.

increased metabolic rate.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Replacement of damaged tissue by similar functional cells is termed:

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fibrosis.

regeneration.

resolution.

repair by scar tissue.

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Scar tissue consists primarily of:

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granulation tissue.

epithelial cells.

collagen fibers.

new capillaries and smooth muscle fibers.

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

Which of the following promotes rapid healing?

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Closely approximated edges of a wound

Presence of foreign material

Exposure to radiation

Vasoconstriction in the involved area

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Glucocorticoids are used to treat inflammation because they directly:

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promote the release of prostaglandins at the site.

decrease capillary permeability.

mobilize lymphocytes and neutrophils.

prevent infection.

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Patients taking glucocorticoids for long periods of time are likely to develop all of the following EXCEPT:

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decreased bone density.

wasting of skeletal muscle.

opportunistic infections.

increased leukocyte production.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

Which of the following drugs relieves fever and some types of pain but is NOT an anti-inflammatory agent?

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Acetaminophen

Prednisone

Aspirin

Ibuprofen

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

A burn area in which the epidermis and part of the dermis is destroyed is classified as:

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full-thickness.

deep partial-thickness.

superficial partial-thickness.

first-degree.

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

A woman has burns on the anterior surfaces of her right arm, chest, and right leg. The percentage of body surface area burned is approximately:

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13.5%.

18%.

22.5%.

31.5%.

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

The characteristic appearance of a full-thickness burn is:

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painful with multiple blisters.

heavy bleeding.

red with some swelling.

dry, firm, charred, or hard white surface.

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