Introduction To Cognitive Psychology

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Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
Perception
Attention
Short-Term and Working Memory
Long-Term Memory: Structure
Long-Term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation
Everyday Memory and Memory Errors
Conceptual Knowledge
Visual Imagery
Language
Problem Solving
Judgment, Decisions, and Reasoning

All Questions

Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

Attention, perception, memory, and decision making are all different types of mental processes in which the mind engages. These are known as different types of

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models.

cognition.

reaction times.

savings.

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called

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cognitive psychology.

introspection.

behaviorism.

memory consolidation.

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

Donders's main reason for doing his choice reaction time experiment was to study

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sensation.

childhood attachment styles.

decision making.

personality development.

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

By comparing reaction times across different tasks, Donders was able to conclude how long the mind needs to perform a certain cognitive task. Donders interpreted the difference in reaction time between the simple and choice conditions of his experiment as indicating how long it took to

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perceive the stimulus.

process the stimulus.

attend to the stimulus.

make a decision about the stimulus.

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

The main point of the Donders's reaction time experiments was to

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show that reaction times can be measured accurately.

measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision.

determine differences in the way people react to stimuli.

show that our cognitions are often based on unconscious inferences.

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

In Donders's experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press a button upon presentation of a light, they were engaged in a

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sensory memory task.

simple reaction time task.

choice reaction time task.

classical conditioning task.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Reaction time refers to the time between the _______ of a stimulus and a person's response to it.

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sensation

transduction

change in intensity

presentation

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

In Donders's experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on the left was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in a

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memory recall task.

simple reaction time task.

choice reaction time task.

operant conditioning task.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

How is the term mind used in this statement: "If you put your mind to it, I'm sure you can solve that math problem"?

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The mind as involved in memory

The mind as problem solver

The mind as used to make decisions or consider possibilities

The mind as valuable, something that should be used

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

In Donders's research on human decision making, he found that it took ____________ to decide which of two buttons to push in response to a stimulus.

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less than one second

between one and two seconds

two to five seconds

more than five seconds

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

The first experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses can be

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measured directly.

inferred from the participant's behavior.

measured by comparing the presentation of the stimulus and the participant's response.

measured by comparing responses among different participants.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

The relationship between the ____________ is NOT measured directly by cognitive psychologists.

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physiological response and the behavioral outcome

cognitive task and the behavioral outcome

cognitive task and the physiological response

cognitive task and the mental response

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

How is the term mind used in this statement: "When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is out of his mind"?

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The mind as involved in memory

The mind as problem solver

The mind as a healthy mind being associated with normal functioning, a nonfunctioning mind with abnormal functioning.

The mind as valuable, something that should be used

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

According to Ebbinghaus's research on memory, savings is a function of

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word familiarity.

sensory modality.

elapsed time.

reaction time.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Ebbinghaus's "memory" experiments were important because they

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described complex decision making.

plotted functions that described the operation of the mind.

were the first to combine basic elements of experience called sensations.

showed how positive reinforcers strengthen behavior.

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Consider the following definition of the mind: The mind is a system that creates representations of the world so that we can act within it to achieve our goals. Which element of the mind does this definition emphasize?

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Functioning and survival

Attention

Routine

Cognition

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

With which of the following sentences would the author disagree?

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The mind creates and controls mental processes such as language and emotions.

The mind can create representations of the world.

The mind is a problem solver.

We can consider the mind extraordinary if it is used for extraordinary purposes.

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Which of the following methods, often associated with structuralism, was used in the psychology laboratory established by Wilhelm Wundt?

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Analytic introspection

Measuring reaction times

Operant conditioning

Classical conditioning

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Wundt's procedure in which trained participants describe their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli presented under controlled conditions is known as

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information processing.

analytic introspection.

functional analysis.

behavioral analysis.

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

What is the study of mental processes that includes determining the characteristics and properties of the mind and how it operates?

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Psychology

Cognitive psychology

Sociology

Psychopathology

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