Musculoskeletal Disorders

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Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following cells produce new bone?

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Osteocytes

Osteoblasts

Osteoclasts

Stem cells from the bone marrow

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

What is the chemical transmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

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Norepinephrine

GABA

Serotonin

Acetylcholine

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Question 3

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Multiple Choice

What are the two types of bone tissue?

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Vascular and nonvascular

Spongy and calcified

Compact and cancellous

Dense and pliable

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would identify an open or compound fracture?

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The skin and soft tissue are exposed at the fracture site.

A bone is crushed into many small pieces.

The bone appears bent with a partial fracture line.

One end of a bone is forced into an adjacent bone.

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Question 5

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a Colles' fracture?

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The distal radius is broken.

The distal fibula is broken.

A vertebra appears crushed.

A spontaneous fracture occurs in weakened bone.

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

During the fracture healing process, the hematoma:

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is broken down and absorbed immediately.

provides the base for bone cells to produce new bone.

is the structure into which granulation tissue grows.

produces fibroblasts to lay down new cartilage.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

When a fracture is healing, the procallus or fibrocartilaginous callus:

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can bear weight.

serves as a splint across the fracture site.

is the tissue that lays down new cartilage.

is made up of new bone.

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

The inflammation surrounding a fracture site during the first few days may complicate healing by causing:

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excessive bone movement.

severe ischemia and tissue necrosis.

malunion or nonunion.

fat emboli to form.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

What is a sign of a dislocation?

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Crepitus

Pain and tenderness

Increased range of motion at a joint

Deformity at a joint

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

All of the following predispose to osteoporosis EXCEPT:

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weight-bearing activity.

a sedentary lifestyle.

long-term intake of glucocorticoids.

calcium deficit.

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to osteoporosis?

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Bone resorption is greater than bone formation.

It causes compression fractures of the vertebrae.

Osteoporosis is always a primary disorder.

It often leads to kyphosis and loss of height.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the typical bone pain caused by osteogenic sarcoma?

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Intermittent, increasing with activity

Sharp, increased with joint movement

Mild, aching when weight-bearing

Steady, severe, and persisting with rest

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

How is Duchenne's muscular dystrophy inherited?

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Autosomal recessive gene

X-linked recessive gene

Autosomal dominant gene

Codominant gene

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true about Duchenne's muscular dystrophy?

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There is difficulty climbing stairs or standing up at 2 to 3 years of age.

It involves only the legs and pelvis.

Skeletal muscle atrophy can be seen in the legs of a toddler.

It cannot be detected in any carriers.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

The most common type of joint, which are freely movable, are called:

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Synarthroses

Amphiarthroses

Anarthroses

Diarthroses

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is characteristic of osteoarthritis?

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Inflammation and fibrosis develop at the joints.

Degeneration of articulating cartilage occurs in the large joints.

It progresses bilaterally through the small joints.

There are no changes in the bone at the affected joints.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

What is a typical characteristic of the pain caused by osteoarthritis?

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Decreases over time

Quite severe in the early stages

Aggravated by general muscle aching

Increased with weight-bearing and activity

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

What limits joint movement in osteoarthritis?

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The osteophytes and irregular cartilage surface

The wider joint space

Decreased amount of synovial fluid in the cavity

Fibrosis involving the joint capsule and ligaments

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Joints affected by osteoarthritis can sometimes affect healthy joints by:

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causing enzymes to be released that travel to other joints.

bacteria traveling from the affected join to a healthy one through the bloodstream.

inflammation and edema affecting the entire limb.

the affected individual's exerting stress on the normal joint to protect the damaged one.

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

What is the typical joint involvement with rheumatoid arthritis?

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Random single joints, progressing to involve other joints

Bilateral small joints, symmetrical progression to other joints

Abused or damaged joints first, then joints damaged by compensatory movement

Progressive degeneration in selected joints

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