National Differences In Political Economy,and Legal Systems

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Question 1

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The two dimensions,according to which the political systems can be assessed,collectivism-individualism and democratic-totalitarian are independent of each other.

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Question 2

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It is possible to have a democratic political system that emphasizes a mix of collectivism and individualism.

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Question 3

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When collectivism is emphasized,an individual's right to do something may be restricted on the grounds that it runs counter to "the good of society."

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Question 4

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Plato,to whom the advocacy of collectivism is traced back,did not equate collectivism with equality.

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Question 5

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The central message of collectivism is that individual economic and political freedoms are the ground rules on which a society should be based.

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Question 6

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The communists believed that socialism could be achieved by democratic means,and turned their backs on violent revolution and dictatorship.

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Question 7

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The social democrats believed that socialism could be achieved only through violent revolution and totalitarian dictatorship.

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Question 8

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Modern socialists trace their intellectual roots to Karl Marx (1818-83),although socialist thought clearly predates Marx.

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Question 9

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In an individualist society,the welfare of society is best served by letting people pursue their own economic self-interest.

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Question 10

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Aristotle argued that individual diversity and private ownership are undesirable.

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Question 11

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In practical terms,individualism translates into an advocacy for democratic political systems and market economics.

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Question 12

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Most modern democratic states practice representative democracy.

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Question 13

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In a totalitarian country,there are safeguards to protect an individual's right to freedom of expression,opinion,and organization.

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Question 14

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It is possible to have a totalitarian state that is hostile to collectivism and where some degree of individualism is encouraged.

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Question 15

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In a market economy,if demand for a product exceeds supply,prices will rise,signaling to producers to produce more.

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Question 16

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The number of command economies has fallen dramatically since the demise of communism in the late 1980s.

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Question 17

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The objective of the government in a command economy is to encourage free and fair competition between private producers.

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Question 18

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In a command economy,enterprises have little incentive to control costs and be efficient,because they cannot go out of business.

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Question 19

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In mixed economies,governments also tend to take into state ownership troubled firms whose continued operation is thought to be vital to national interests.

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Question 20

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A nation's legal system is usually of very little interest to international business managers,because international businesses are headquartered in different countries.

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