Pain

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Question 1

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Multiple Choice

The impulses related to acute pain are usually transmitted by:

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nociceptors.

myelinated A delta fibers.

unmyelinated C fibers.

any sensory fiber with a low pain threshold.

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

In which structure do pain impulses ascend the spinal cord?

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Reticular formation

Corticospinal tract

Spinothalamic tract

Relevant dermatome

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

According to the gate-control theory, passage of pain impulses may be naturally blocked:

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at the synapse by entry of other sensory impulses.

by the stress response.

by administration of morphine directly into the spinal cord.

by referring the pain to other parts of the body.

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

What is the term used to describe the degree of pain that is endured before an individual takes action?

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Pain threshold

Referred pain

Phantom pain

Pain tolerance

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of endorphins?

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Neurotransmitters at the nociceptors

Transmitters for sensory impulses

Opiate-like blocking agents in the central nervous system

Pain-causing chemical mediators

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

Pain perceived in the left arm during the course of a heart attack is an example of:

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referred pain.

phantom pain.

chronic pain.

subjective pain response.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

A headache that is related to changes in cerebral blood flow is classified as a/an ________ headache.

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tension

sinus

migraine

intracranial

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

What is a common analgesic administered to control a moderate level of pain?

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Meperidine

Acetaminophen

Codeine

Ibuprofen

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

Which of the following applies to spinal anesthesia?

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It causes analgesia with loss of consciousness.

The drug is injected into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or the epidural space of the spinal cord.

The drug stimulates release of endorphins in the spinal cord.

The transmission of pain impulses is blocked in a small area of the body.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a characteristic of acute pain but not of chronic pain?

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Depression and debilitation

A perception of increased generalized pain and discomfort

Fatigue and lower pain tolerance

Severe but short term

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

What is the role of nociceptors? They are:

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pain receptors that are stimulated by thermal, chemical, or physical means.

spinal nerves that conduct impulses from specific areas of the skin.

responsible for the state of arousal with pain.

useful in localizing pain to a specific area of the body.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

Intractable pain is best defined as:

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pain that is perceived as occurring in an amputated limb.

severe pain that cannot be controlled by medication.

pain perceived as coming from a source other than the actual source.

pain coming from a specific dermatome.

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

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The brain is more aware of pain impulses when the reticular activating system is depressed.

Acute pain does not cause a reflex response at the spinal cord synapses.

Young infants typically respond to pain with tachycardia and increased blood pressure.

Chronic pain is easier to tolerate without negative effects.

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

Ibuprofen is classified as an NSAID and is particularly useful in treating:

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severe pain.

pain caused by inflammation.

intracranial pain.

pain in young infants.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Which of the following analgesics acts to reduce pain at the peripheral site?

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Acetaminophen

Morphine

Codeine

Intravenous general anesthesia

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

Cancer-related pain has been broken down into three basic categories: pain caused by the advance of the disease and resultant damage to the body, pain that is the result of a coexisting disease unrelated to the cancer, and:

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phantom pain as a result of amputation.

pain associated with the treatment of the disease.

pain caused by emotional stress and metabolic changes.

pain associated with damage to the peripheral nerves.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

Pain that is caused by trauma or disease involving the peripheral nerves is referred to as:

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neuropathic pain.

central pain.

neurogenic pain.

referred pain.

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Pain resulting from a profound, sudden loss of blood flow to an organ or tissues in a specific area of the body is referred to as:

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chronic pain.

central pain.

cardiovascular pain.

ischemic pain.

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic pain?

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It usually initiates a physiological stress response.

It always involves a strong emotional response such as high anxiety.

It is more difficult to diagnose and treat than is acute pain.

It involves tissue damage to a specific organ.

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

A headache that results from pressure on the meninges surrounding the brain is referred to as a/an:

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intracranial headache.

intrameningeal headache.

migraine headache.

cerebral headache.

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