Perception

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Questions Bank

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
Perception
Attention
Short-Term and Working Memory
Long-Term Memory: Structure
Long-Term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation
Everyday Memory and Memory Errors
Conceptual Knowledge
Visual Imagery
Language
Problem Solving
Judgment, Decisions, and Reasoning

All Questions

Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

According to your textbook, perception goes beyond the simple receipt of sensory information. It is involved in many different cognitive skills. Which of the following is NOT one of those skills as noted by the chapter?

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Solving problems

Experiencing neuromodulation

Communicating with other people

Answering questions

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

Perception is NOT essential for

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creating memories.

acquiring knowledge.

solving problems.

improving empathy.

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

The task of determining the object responsible for a particular image on one's retina is called the

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radiated wavelength paradox.

inverse projection problem.

serial location task.

fusiform face role.

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

Members of a security team are stationed on rooftops surrounding a large city plaza before a scheduled rally. Suddenly, three team members in different locations radio in to the command center, each stating that they have spotted a suspicious box on the ground with a pipe coming from the top. What enables the security team members to report seeing the same object despite being stationed on different rooftops?

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Semantic regularity

Viewpoint invariance

Bottom-up processing

Principle of similarity

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

Viewpoint ________ is the ability to recognize the same object even if it is seen from different perspectives.

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consistency

resistance

constancy

invariance

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

The sequence of steps that includes the image on the retina, changing the image into electrical signals, and neural processing is an example of _____ processing.

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bottom-up

top-down

Gestalt

serial

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

If a word is identified more easily when it is in a sentence than when it is presented alone, this would be an example of _____ processing.

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top-down

bottom-up

serial

sequential

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

Maria took a drink from a container marked "milk." Surprised, she quickly spit out the liquid because it turned out that the container was filled with orange juice instead. Maria likes orange juice, so why did she have such a negative reaction to it? Her response was most affected by

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reception of the stimulus.

bottom-up processing.

top-down processing.

focused attention.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

Perceiving machines are used by the U.S. Postal Service to "read" the addresses on letters and sort them quickly to their correct destinations. Sometimes, these machines cannot read an address because the writing on the envelope is not sufficiently clear for the machine to match the writing to an example it has stored in memory. Human postal workers are much more successful at reading unclear addresses, most likely because of

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bottom-up processing.

top-down processing.

their in-depth understanding of principles of perception.

repeated practice at the task.

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of an effect of top-down processing?

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Recognizing a crying friend's sounds as words in a sentence

Seeing a flash of lightning in a thunderstorm

Walking all around a car and always knowing it's a car

Perceiving all of the birds in a flock as belonging together

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Speech segmentation is defined as

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creating a sentence from a series of spoken words.

ignoring the spaces between the spoken words of a sentence.

organizing the sounds of speech into individual words.

recognizing a few words out of many when hearing a largely unfamiliar language.

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

When Carlos moved to the United States, he did not understand any English. Phrases like "Anna Mary Can Pi and I Scream Class Hick" didn't make any sense to him. Now that Carlos has been learning English, he recognizes this phrase as "An American Pie and Ice Cream Classic." This example illustrates that Carlos was not capable of ____ in English.

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speech segmentation

the likelihood principle

bottom-up processing

algorithms

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Evidence for the role of top-down processing in perception is shown by which of the following examples?

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When someone can easily select a target that has a feature distinct from distracters

When someone cannot read an illegible word in a written sentence

When someone easily identifies an object even though that object is unexpected in that context (e.g., identifying a telephone inside a refrigerator)

When someone accurately identifies a word in a song on a radio broadcast despite static interfering with reception

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true about perception?

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It occurs separately from action.

It is mostly automatic.

It involves rapid processes.

It is the result of many cognitions such as creating memories, acquiring knowledge, and solving problems.

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

The theory of unconscious inference includes the

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oblique effect.

likelihood principle.

principle of componential recovery.

principle of speech segmentation.

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

The likelihood principle states that

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we perceive the object that is most likely to have caused the pattern of stimuli we have received.

we perceive size to remain the same size even when objects move to different distances.

it is easier to perceive vertical and horizontal orientations.

feature detectors are likely to create a clear perception of an object.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

The process by which small objects become perceptually grouped to form larger objects is the principle of perceptual

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conjunction.

organization.

discriminability.

fusion.

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

You look at a rope coiled on a beach and are able to perceive it as a single strand because of the law of

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good continuation.

simplicity.

familiarity.

good figure.

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

You are at a parade where there are a number of marching bands. You perceive the bands that are all in the same uniforms as being grouped together. The red uniforms are one band, the green uniforms another, and so forth. You have this perceptual experience because of the law of

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simplicity.

similarity.

pragnanz.

familiarity.

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

The notion that every stimulus pattern is seen in such a way that the resulting structure is as simple as possible is called the law of

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common fate.

similarity.

pragnanz.

continuity.

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