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Question 1
Free
Multiple Choice

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) primarily affects infants who are:

Choose correct answer/s
A

preterm with insufficient surfactant.

B

full-term.

C

postterm with too much surfactant.

D

preterm with too much surfactant.

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Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice

Which of the following is usually seen in the lungs of a neonate with RDS?

Choose correct answer/s
A

Alveolar collapse (atelectasis)

B

Segmental atelectasis

C

Lobar atelectasis

D

Pulmonary fibrosis

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Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice

The hyaline membrane seen in the alveoli of a neonate with RDS is similar to the anatomic alteration found in what other pulmonary disease?

Choose correct answer/s
A

Bacterial pneumonia

B

Pulmonary fibrosis

C

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

D

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)

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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice

What vascular anatomic alteration could occur as a consequence of hypoxia in a patient with RDS?

Choose correct answer/s
A

Closure of the ductus arteriosus

B

Transient pulmonary hypertension

C

Increased flow through the ductus venosus

D

Airway mucosal edema

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Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice

What is the primary cause of RDS in the newborn?

Choose correct answer/s
A

Underdevelopment of alveolar type I cells

B

Deficiency or abnormality of pulmonary surfactant

C

Hypoxia causing pulmonary hypoperfusion

D

Excessive amniotic fluid in the lungs

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Question 6
Multiple Choice

All of the following amniotic fluid lab findings would indicate mature fetal lungs EXCEPT:

Choose correct answer/s
A
S:A ratio is >55.
B
PG is present.
C
L:S ratio is 2:1.
D
L:S ratio is 1:2.
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Question 7
Multiple Choice

The neonate with RDS would have a phosphatidylglycerol (PG) level that is:

Choose correct answer/s
A
present.
B
absent.
C
above normal.
D
below normal.
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Question 8
Multiple Choice

What special environmental concerns are there with a neonate with RDS in order to avoid compromising his or her oxygenation?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Keeping a normal body temperature
B
Placing a bilirubin light on the neonate
C
Keeping the infant cool
D
Humidifying the inhaled oxygen
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Question 9
Multiple Choice

A mother is about to deliver a 25-weeks' gestation infant. What therapeutic intervention should the respiratory therapist be prepared to give to minimize the risk of RDS?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Mask CPAP
B
Airway suctioning
C
Exogenous surfactant
D
Mechanical ventilation
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Question 10
Multiple Choice

It is likely that a neonate with RDS will have which of the following chest radiograph findings?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Airway dilation and distortion
B
Fluffy infiltrates in the bases of the lungs
C
Ground-glass appearance
D
Cardiomegaly
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Question 11
Multiple Choice

A premature infant with RDS is receiving mechanical ventilation. In managing the patient's oxygenation, the respiratory therapist should strive to keep the PaO? at:

Choose correct answer/s
A
between 25 and 50.
B
between 40 and 70.
C
between 80 and 100.
D
95 or greater.
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Question 12
Multiple Choice

In assessing a patient with RDS, the respiratory therapist would expect to find all of the following EXCEPT:

Choose correct answer/s
A
intercostal retractions.
B
acrocyanosis.
C
flaring nostrils.
D
wheezing.
E
cyanosis.
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Question 13
Multiple Choice

The standard of care to evaluate the oxygenation status of a premature infant with RDS is by:

Choose correct answer/s
A
capillary blood gas (CBG).
B
arterial blood gas (ABG).
C
capnography.
D
pulse oximetry.
E
transcutaneous monitoring.
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