Respiratory System Disorders

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Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

What happens in the lungs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax?

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Air is forced out of the lungs.

Lung volume increases.

Intrapulmonic pressure decreases.

Intrapleural pressure decreases.

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following activities does NOT require muscle contractions and energy?

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Quiet inspiration

Forced inspiration

Quiet expiration

Forced expiration

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

The maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximum inspiration is termed the:

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expiratory reserve volume.

inspiratory reserve volume.

total lung capacity.

vital capacity.

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following applies to the blood in the pulmonary artery?

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PCO2 is low.

PO2 is low.

Hydrostatic pressure is very high.

It is flowing into the left atrium.

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

Which of the following causes bronchodilation?

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Epinephrine

Histamine

Parasympathetic nervous system

Drugs that block b2-adrenergic receptors

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

The central chemoreceptors in the medulla are normally most sensitive to:

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low oxygen level.

low concentration of hydrogen ions.

elevated oxygen level.

elevated carbon dioxide level.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood because:

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PO2 is higher in the blood.

PO2 is lower in the blood.

CO2 is diffusing out of the blood.

more CO2 is diffusing out of cells into the blood.

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

Carbon dioxide is primarily transported in the blood:

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as dissolved gas.

attached to the iron molecule in hemoglobin.

as bicarbonate ion.

as carbonic acid.

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

What would hypercapnia cause?

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Increased serum pH

Decreased respirations

Respiratory acidosis

Decreased carbonic acid in the blood

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would result from hyperventilation?

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Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

Which of the following values is always decreased with respiratory alkalosis (compensated or decompensated)?

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Serum bicarbonate

PaCO2

Serum pH

Urine pH

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

What would be the most effective compensation for respiratory acidosis?

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The kidneys eliminating more bicarbonate ions

The kidneys producing more bicarbonate ions

The kidneys reabsorbing more hydrogen ions

An increase in respiratory rate

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

What is the acid-base status of a patient with the following values for arterial blood gases? serum bicarbonate 36.5 mmol/L (normal range: 22-28)
PCO? 75 mm Hg (normal range: 35-45)
Serum pH 7.0

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Compensated metabolic acidosis

Decompensated metabolic acidosis

Compensated respiratory acidosis

Decompensated respiratory acidosis

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

What does carbaminohemoglobin refer to?

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Replacement of oxygen by carbon monoxide on hemoglobin molecules

Full saturation of all heme molecules by oxygen

Carbon dioxide attached to an amino group on the hemoglobin molecule

Oxygen combined with iron in the hemoglobin molecule

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

Approximately what percentage of bound oxygen is released to the cells for metabolism during an erythrocyte's journey through the circulatory system?

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80%

25%

10%

50%

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

The production of yellowish-green, cloudy, thick sputum is often an indication of:

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bacterial infection.

cancer tumor.

damage of lung tissue due to smoking.

emphysema.

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

What does the term hemoptysis refer to?

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Thick, dark red sputum associated with pneumococcal infection

Reddish-brown granular blood found in vomitus

Bright red streaks of blood in frothy sputum

Bloody exudate in the pleural cavity

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Orthopnea is:

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very deep, rapid respirations.

difficulty breathing when lying down.

waking up suddenly, coughing, and struggling for breath.

noisy breathing with stridor or rhonchi.

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Light bubbly or crackling breathing sounds associated with serous secretions are called:

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rhonchi.

stridor.

rales.

wheezing.

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct information applying to laryngotracheobronchitis:

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Viral infection in infant under 12 months

Viral infection in child, 3 months to 3 years

Bacterial infection in infant under 6 months

Bacterial infection in child, 3 to 7 years

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Respiratory System Disorders

What happens in the lungs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax?

Which of the following activities does NOT require muscle contractions and energy?

The maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximum inspiration is termed the:

Which of the following applies to the blood in the pulmonary artery?

Which of the following causes bronchodilation?

The central chemoreceptors in the medulla are normally most sensitive to:

Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood because:

Carbon dioxide is primarily transported in the blood:

What would hypercapnia cause?

Which of the following would result from hyperventilation?

Which of the following values is always decreased with respiratory alkalosis (compensated or decompensated)?

What would be the most effective compensation for respiratory acidosis?

What is the acid-base status of a patient with the following values for arterial blood gases? serum bicarbonate 36.5 mmol/L (normal range: 22-28)PCO? 75 mm Hg (normal range: 35-45)Serum pH 7.0

What does carbaminohemoglobin refer to?

Approximately what percentage of bound oxygen is released to the cells for metabolism during an erythrocyte's journey through the circulatory system?

The production of yellowish-green, cloudy, thick sputum is often an indication of:

What does the term hemoptysis refer to?

Orthopnea is:

Light bubbly or crackling breathing sounds associated with serous secretions are called:

Choose the correct information applying to laryngotracheobronchitis:

What is the acid-base status of a patient with the following values for arterial blood gases? serum bicarbonate 36.5 mmol/L (normal range: 22-28)
PCO? 75 mm Hg (normal range: 35-45)
Serum pH 7.0