The Role Of Ethics In Decision Making

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Question 1

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Federal sentencing guidelines reduce criminal fines for legal violations in companies that have taken specific steps to self-police ethical/legal conduct.

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Question 2

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Economist Adam Smith believed that humans could not look beyond self-interest.

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Question 3

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Growing diversity in the workplace has reduced concerns over ethical values.

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Diverse societies are characterized as societies that have a single, unified system of ethical values that guide behavior.

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Question 5

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Because of the increased influence of the Internet and extensive coverage of business in the news media, it has become increasingly difficult for businesses to hide questionable behavior.

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Question 6

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Federal law reduces criminal penalties for companies that take steps to control their ethical conduct.

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Question 7

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Adam Smith, the author of The Wealth of Nations, perhaps the most famous book on economic theory ever written, denied the existence of any moral element in human nature that goes beyond self-interest.

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It is appropriate for those engaged in international business to assume that all countries have the same ethical and moral values.

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Question 9

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Ultimately, the commitment to ethical values is superior to mere observance of the law in ensuring responsible business behavior.

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Question 10

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Formalism is primarily a duty-based view of ethics that creates moral obligations that one must satisfy in order to be ethical.

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Question 11

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The foundation of John Rawls's social contract theory is a firm belief that self-knowledge and self-promotion will create the most just society.

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Question 12

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Businesses working in the international arena find social contract theory especially valuable because it promotes the idea that all parties deserve an equal opportunity for achievement, regardless of the country or system of laws they come from.

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Question 13

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The social contract theory acknowledges that there are significant social and economic inequalities, but these inequalities should exist solely based upon what a person does, not on who a person is.

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Question 14

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Within a strict utilitarian system of ethics, an action is considered unethical if it is inherently wrong, regardless of the circumstances under which the action is taken.

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Question 15

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Modern business ethics reflects elements of both formalism and consequentialism, but tends to focus more heavily on consequentialism.

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Question 16

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The Protestant ethic proved to be a great influence on modern capitalism, but its focus on absolute moral values was replaced by a focus on wealth and mass consumption.

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Question 17

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A formalist would conclude that a business's secret monitoring of employees is ethical if the monitoring reveals a significant number of crimes or malfeasance, providing a net good for the business.

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Question 18

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Looking into the initial intentions of parties to a business contract evidences consequentialism.

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Question 19

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It is unlikely that a business or professional organization would look to law or legislation when drawing up an internal code of ethical conduct.

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Question 20

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Courts often use a balancing test when examining whether a party acted with due care in negligence cases.

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