Taking Action

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Questions Bank

Introduction to Perception
The Beginning of the Perceptual Process
Neural Processing
Cortical Organization
Perceiving Objects and Scenes
Visual Attention
Taking Action
Perceiving Motion
Perceiving Color
Perceiving Depth and Size
Hearing I: Basic Processes and Pitch Perception
Hearing II: Location and Organization
Speech Perception
The Cutaneous Senses
The Chemical Senses

All Questions

Question 1

Free

Multiple Choice

The ecological approach emerged as a reaction _____ .

Choose correct answer/s

to the structuralist approach

to the artificiality of laboratory approach to studying vision

to the over-reliance on brain imaging techniques

to pointillism

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Question 2

Free

Multiple Choice

The ecological approach was developed by _____ .

Choose correct answer/s

J.J. Gibson

David Marr

Max Wertheimer

Ronald Rensink

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Question 3

Free

Multiple Choice

The movement of elements of the environment relative to the observer is called _____ .

Choose correct answer/s

optic flow

the phi movement

an affordance

motion ecology

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Question 4

Free

Multiple Choice

You are driving a car. Which statement is an accurate reflection of flow in this situation?

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Optic flow is slower near the car.

Optic flow does not occur for information in the periphery.

Optic flow is faster farther away from the car.

Optic flow does not occur for the focus of expansion.

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Question 5

Free

Multiple Choice

Information that remains constant even though the observer is moving is called _____ .

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a flow gradient

a texture gradient

a penumbra constant

invariant information

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Question 6

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true concerning the focus of expansion?

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It always occurs at the point you are fixated on.

It always occurs at the point you are moving toward.

It continues in the same direction once established.

It always contains the fastest flow of information.

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Question 7

Multiple Choice

When expert gymnasts close their eyes while performing a somersault, they perform _____ .

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better because they eliminated visual distractions

as well as with their eyes open, since doing the routine is automatic

more poorly, because they couldn't make "in-air" corrections

better because they usually train with their eyes closed

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Question 8

Multiple Choice

According to Gibson, the relationship between movement and flow is _____ .

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movement creates flow, which then provides information to guiding further movement

movement creates flow, but this information does not affect further movement

flow and self-produced movement are related, but both are independent of guiding further movement

flow and movement are not related

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Question 9

Multiple Choice

If you close both your eyes while standing on one foot, _____ .

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you can stand longer than if both eyes are open because you eliminate distracting visual information

you can stand longer than if just your "non-dominant" eye is open

you can stand longer with one eye open because you are eliminating binocular disparity cues

you lose your balance more quickly than if your eyes are open

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Question 10

Multiple Choice

Lee et al.'s "Swinging Room" studies found that _____ .

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only adults are affected by flow information

only young children are affected by flow information

children will lean back when a forward-swaying flow pattern was created

adults were always able to keep their balance in the moving room

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Question 11

Multiple Choice

In Lee and Aronson's experiment, although a few of the toddlers were unaffected by the sway, _____ fell down, even though the floor remained stationary throughout the entire experiment!

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22%

33%

44%

55%

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Question 12

Multiple Choice

When novices close their eyes when trying a somersault, _____ .

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their performance typically improves

there is no impact on their performance

their performance is not degraded as much as is the performance of experts

their performance seems to change randomly

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Question 13

Multiple Choice

Gibson emphasized studying _____ .

Choose correct answer/s

each sense in isolation

tightly-controlled laboratory experiments

invariant information from the environment

invariant sensory functions

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Question 14

Multiple Choice

The swinging room experiments showed that _____ .

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vision can override the traditional sources of balance information

traditional sources of balance information cannot be overridden?

traditional sources of balance information can only be overridden in experienced adults

traditional sources of balance information can be integrated with but not overridden by other senses

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Question 15

Multiple Choice

According to Land and Lee, drivers look _____ when driving on a straight road.

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directly at the focus of expansion

straight ahead, but not directly at the focus of expansion

at locomotor flow line

at the psychometric curb

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Question 16

Multiple Choice

According to Land and Lee, drivers negotiate curves by _____ .

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looking directly at the FOE

looking directly at the road

using a complex combination of affordances

using information in addition to optic flow

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Question 17

Multiple Choice

"Blind walking" studies have shown that _____ .

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participants cannot locate nearby objects with their eyes closed

flow information is necessary for navigation; blindfolded participants cannot walk to a target location they have just seen

blindfolded participants can navigate short distances as long as they walk in a straight line

blindfolded participants can navigate short distances when walking in a straight line or making an angled turn

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Question 18

Multiple Choice

Using the visual direction strategy, walkers stay on target by _____ .

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using flow information to estimate the destination point?

going toward the focus of expansion

keeping their body pointed toward the destination

keeping their eyes fixated on the destination

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Question 19

Multiple Choice

Hamid et al. (2010) had participants navigate a maze while recording their eye movements. The maze contained landmarks on the walls at corners and at other positions that would not aid maze navigation. After participants learned the maze, the researchers removed half of the landmarks. The results of this study revealed that _____ .

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performance decreased when landmarks that had been viewedlongerwere removed

participants did not notice that the landmarks were missing and their performance was unaffected

participants had been relying on all landmarks to navigate

performance increased when non-informative landmarks were removed

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Question 20

Multiple Choice

In Janzen and vanTurennout's study of using landmarks as "decision points" in a navigating through a museum, participants _____ .

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had greater brain activation in the MST when they saw "non-decision" points than when they saw "decision points"

had lower recognition scores for landmarks than non-landmarks

had greater brain activation in the parahippocampal gyrus for "decision points" than "non-decision points"

recognized "decision points" better when cells in their temporal cortex were microstimulated

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