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Theories And Therapies

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Question 1
Free
Multiple Choice

A 26-month-old child displays negative behaviors. The parent says, "My child refuses toilet training and shouts, 'No!' when given direction. What do you think is wrong?" Select the nurse's best reply.

Choose correct answer/s
A

"This is normal for your child's age. The child is striving for independence."

B

"The child needs firmer control. Punish the child for disobedience and say, 'No.'"

C

"There may be developmental problems. Most children are toilet trained by age 2 years."

D

"Some undesirable attitudes are developing. A child psychologist can help you develop a remedial plan."

Check answer
Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice

A 26-month-old child displays negative behavior, refuses toilet training, and often shouts, "No!" when given directions. Using Freud's stages of psychosexual development, a nurse would assess the child's behavior is based on which stage?

Choose correct answer/s
A

Oral

B

Anal

C

Phallic

D

Genital

Check answer
Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice

A 26-month-old child displays negative behavior, refuses toilet training, and often shouts, "No!" when given direction. The nurse's counseling with the parent should be based on the premise that the child is engaged in which of Erikson's psychosocial crises?

Choose correct answer/s
A

Trust versus Mistrust

B

Initiative versus Guilt

C

Industry versus Inferiority

D

Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt

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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice

A 4-year-old child grabs toys from siblings, saying, "I want that toy now!" The siblings cry, and the child's parent becomes upset with the behavior. Using the Freudian theory, a nurse can interpret the child's behavior as a product of impulses originating in the:

Choose correct answer/s
A

id.

B

ego.

C

superego.

D

preconscious.

Check answer
Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice

The parent of a 4-year-old rewards and praises the child for helping a younger sibling, being polite, and using good manners. A nurse supports the use of praise because, according to the Freudian theory, these qualities will likely be internalized and become part of the child's:

Choose correct answer/s
A

id.

B

ego.

C

superego.

D

preconscious.

Check answer
Question 6
Multiple Choice

A nurse supports parental praise of a child who is behaving in a helpful way. When the individual behaves with politeness and helpfulness in adulthood, which feeling will most likely result?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Guilt
B
Anxiety
C
Loneliness
D
Self-esteem
To unlock the question
Question 7
Multiple Choice

A patient comments, "I never know the right answer" and "My opinion is not important." Using Erikson's theory, which psychosocial crisis did the patient have difficulty resolving?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Initiative versus Guilt
B
Trust versus Mistrust
C
Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt
D
Generativity versus Self-Absorption
To unlock the question
Question 8
Multiple Choice

Which patient statement would lead a nurse to suspect that the developmental task of infancy was not successfully completed?

Choose correct answer/s
A
"I have very warm and close friendships."
B
"I'm afraid to let anyone really get to know me."
C
"I am always right and confident about my decisions."
D
"I'm ashamed that I didn't do it correctly in the first place."
To unlock the question
Question 9
Multiple Choice

A nurse assesses that a patient is suspicious and frequently manipulates others. Using the Freudian theory, these traits are related to which psychosexual stage?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Oral
B
Anal
C
Phallic
D
Genital
To unlock the question
Question 10
Multiple Choice

An adult expresses the wish to be taken care of and often behaves in a helpless fashion. This adult has needs related to which of Freud's stages of psychosexual development?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Latency
B
Phallic
C
Anal
D
Oral
To unlock the question
Question 11
Multiple Choice

A nurse listens to a group of recent retirees. One says, "I volunteer with Meals on Wheels, coach teen sports, and do church visitation." Another laughs and says, "I'm too busy taking care of myself to volunteer. I don't have time to help others." These comments contrast which developmental tasks?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Trust versus Mistrust
B
Industry versus Inferiority
C
Intimacy versus Isolation
D
Generativity versus Self-Absorption
To unlock the question
Question 12
Multiple Choice

Cognitive behavioral therapy was provided for a patient who frequently said, "I'm stupid." Which statement by the patient indicates the therapy was effective?

Choose correct answer/s
A
"I'm disappointed in my lack of ability."
B
"I always fail when I try new things."
C
"Things always go wrong for me."
D
"Sometimes I do stupid things."
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Question 13
Multiple Choice

A student nurse tells the instructor, "I don't need to interact with my patients. I learn what I need to know by observation." The instructor can best interpret the nursing implications of Sullivan's theory to the student by responding:

Choose correct answer/s
A
"Nurses cannot be isolated. We must interact to provide patients with opportunities to practice interpersonal skills."
B
"Observing patient interactions can help you formulate priority nursing diagnoses and appropriate interventions."
C
"I wonder how accurate your assessment of the patient's needs can be if you do not interact with the patient."
D
"Noting patient behavioral changes is important because these signify changes in personality."
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Question 14
Multiple Choice

A psychiatric technician says, "Little of what takes place on the behavioral health unit seems to be theory based." A nurse educates the technician by identifying which common use of Sullivan's theory?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Structure of the therapeutic milieu of most behavioral health units
B
Frequent use of restraint and seclusion for behavior modification
C
Assessment tools based on age-appropriate versus arrested behaviors
D
Use of the nursing process to determine the best sequence for nursing actions
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Question 15
Multiple Choice

A nurse uses Maslow's hierarchy of needs to plan care for a psychotic patient. Which problem will receive priority? The patient:

Choose correct answer/s
A
refuses to eat or bathe.
B
reports feelings of alienation from family.
C
is reluctant to participate in unit social activities.
D
needs to be taught about medication action and side effects.
To unlock the question
Question 16
Multiple Choice

Operant conditioning will be used to encourage speech in a child who is nearly mute. Which technique would a nurse include in the treatment plan?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Ignore the child for using silence.
B
Have the child observe others talking.
C
Give the child a small treat for speaking.
D
Teach the child relaxation techniques, then coax speech.
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Question 17
Multiple Choice

The parent of a child diagnosed with schizophrenia tearfully asks a nurse, "What could I have done differently to prevent this illness?" Select the nurse's most caring response.

Choose correct answer/s
A
"Although schizophrenia is caused by impaired family relationships, try not to feel guilty. No one can predict how a child will respond to parental guidance."
B
"Most of the damage is done, but there is still hope. Changing your parenting style can help your child learn to cope more effectively with the environment."
C
"Schizophrenia is a biological illness with similarities to diabetes and heart disease. You are not to blame for your child's illness."
D
"Most mental illnesses result from genetic inheritance. Your genes are more at fault than your parenting."
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Question 18
Multiple Choice

A nurse uses Peplau's interpersonal therapy while working with an anxious, withdrawn patient. Interventions should focus on:

Choose correct answer/s
A
changing the patient's perceptions about self.
B
improving the patient's interactional skills.
C
using medications to relieve anxiety.
D
reinforcing specific behaviors.
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Question 19
Multiple Choice

A patient underwent psychotherapy weekly for 3 years. The therapist used free association, dream analysis, and facilitated transference to help the patient understand unconscious processes and foster personality changes. Which type of therapy was used?

Choose correct answer/s
A
Short-term dynamic psychotherapy
B
Transactional analysis
C
Cognitive therapy
D
Psychoanalysis
To unlock the question
Question 20
Multiple Choice

An advanced practice nurse determines that a group of patients would benefit from opportunities to practice appropriate social behaviors and learn about basic living skills. The nurse would arrange for:

Choose correct answer/s
A
milieu therapy.
B
cognitive therapy.
C
short-term dynamic therapy.
D
systematic desensitization.
To unlock the question