Which of the following statements best summarizes Lillian Wald's achievements?
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She suggested new nursing specialties.
She demonstrated how to improve health in communities.
She gave expert clinical nursing care to her clients.
She was appointed a national nursing leader.
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Question 2
Free
Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements best describes "thinking upstream"?
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Focus on economic, political, and environmental factors
Prepare for your nursing career long-term goals by planning now
Seek causes of water and air pollution "upstream" from cities
Try to understand how or why someone got ill
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Question 3
Free
Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements best describes a weakness of early nursing theories?
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Many nurses did not know or understand the theoretical basis of nursing practice.
Most nursing theories focused on microscopic individual concerns.
The theories did not reflect the actual world of nursing practice.
The theories had global applicability to nursing practice.
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Question 4
Free
Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of nursing theory?
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To improve nursing practice
To demonstrate that nursing is a profession
To organize nursing knowledge
To serve as a basis for ongoing nursing research
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Question 5
Free
Multiple Choice
A client did not attend the clinic for required follow-up care after his extensive surgery. Which of the following would be the most appropriate conclusion for the nurse to make?
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The client is noncompliant.
The client is suffering from self-neglect.
The health care system is not meeting the client's perceived needs.
The health care system is not accessible for the client.
The nurse has not motivated the client appropriately.
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Question 6
Multiple Choice
Which of the following assumptions makes Orem's theory difficult to use?
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That nurses will always be caring for families and groups
That clients are able to control their environment
That clients recognize the need for nursing intervention
That teaching clients self-care is the primary goal of nursing practice
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Question 7
Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements best describes the major assumption of the health belief model (HBM)?
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People will act if action is both easy and convenient.
People will act if exposed to fear messages stressing their vulnerability.
The major determinant of preventive health behavior is avoiding disease.
The major determinant of preventive behavior is providing proper health education.
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Question 8
Multiple Choice
Which of the following assumptions of the health belief model (HBM) is problematic?
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People have both free will and access to health resources.
People listen to the advice given by health care professionals.
People are influenced by health messages given over media channels.
People make what they perceive as rational decisions in a given situation.
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Question 9
Multiple Choice
A nurse is using Milio's framework for prevention to improve the health of clients. Which of the following would the nurse most likely implement?
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Create appropriate national health policies
Develop health programs that make healthy choices the easiest choices
Promote nationwide educational programs with information on making healthy choices
Stress that clients are responsible for their own health
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Question 10
Multiple Choice
A nurse is using Milio's approach when caring for a client. Which of the following advantages will the nurse experience?
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It will allow for care interventions outside the hospital system.
It will demonstrate the effectiveness of using a variety of community resources. .
It will encourage the assessment of the personal and societal resources of the client.
It facilitates open communication between the client and the nurse.
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Question 11
Multiple Choice
Which of the following health-related variables is examined by the critical theoretical perspective?
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Cultural beliefs
Effect of history and tradition
Ethnic and racial differences
Social inequalities
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Question 12
Multiple Choice
A nurse is using the critical theoretical perspective in daily nursing practice. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely complete?
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Criticize health insurance programs as a barrier to health care
Expose social values underlying the health care system
Promote individual freedom and decision making
Exert control over the client's environment
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Question 13
Multiple Choice
A nurse is using Healthy People 2020 as a guide to improve the health and well-being of the community. Which of the following strategies would the nurse most likely implement?
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Address the root causes of health problems
Choose one of the 28 focal areas for emphasis in funding and media attention
Concentrate on the goals of improving the quality of life
Continue funding expansion of the health care system
Expand efforts to put all medical records on electronic media
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Question 14
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is most closely associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes?
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Number of physicians per capita
Insurance status
Crime rate
Personality traits
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Question 15
Multiple Choice
A nurse has accepted a new position in a public health department. Which of the following characteristics is crucial to the nurse's success?
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Advanced educational preparation
Being knowledgeable about the community's needs
Listening and showing respect
Caring and empathetic personality
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Question 16
Multiple Choice
A nurse is using a macroscopic approach when providing care. Which of the following would the nurse most likely demonstrate?
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Emphasizing behaviors that will help in healing
Examining the family's responses to illness
Explaining how these actions will help in healing
Providing testimony to legislators concerning proposed legislation
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Question 17
Multiple Choice
A nurse is using Milio's framework to promote healthy eating choices among members of the community. Which of the following interventions would the nurse most likely implement?
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Provide community education about healthy food choices
Promote legislation to increase taxation on unhealthy food choices
Lobby for health insurance providers to pay for participation in health promotion programs
Encourage community members to be responsible for making healthy choices
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Question 18
Multiple Choice
A nurse has a broad, aggregate focus when providing care to clients. Which of the following best describes how this approach will help improve client outcomes? (Select all that apply.)
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Ensures that collaborative efforts of many professionals will be used
Confirms the individual's responsibility for resolving the health problem
Empowers decision-making based on both individual and community goals, needs, and priorities
Enables the nurse to ask for assistance from other community professionals
Encourages allocation of time for population-focused preventive efforts
Upholds professional nursing standards of care
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Question 19
Multiple Choice
A community health nurse is using the health belief model (HBM) as a basis for providing client care. Which of the following best describe the problems associated with using the HBM? (Select all that apply.)
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It ignores the need to reduce health system barriers to action.
It is extremely difficult to change the client's belief system.
It is the nurse's responsibility to persuade clients to engage in the appropriate behavior.
Clients do not have the knowledge to correctly analyze the seriousness of the disease or their susceptibility to it.
Clients expect health professionals to take preventive actions for them.
The choice and the burden for acting are entirely with the client.
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Question 20
Multiple Choice
A nurse is using the critical theoretical perspective in practice. Which of the following best describes how the nurse would respond when a client suggests that the physician prescribe a widely advertised medication for tension and anxiety? (Select all that apply.)
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Can you tell me what is going on in your life right now?
Do you know anyone else who is suffering such tension and anxiety?
How does your family feel about you having so much tension and anxiety?
Would you consider using the generic equivalent of this medication?
What led you to believe this medication would be of help to you?
What have you tried in the past to relieve tension and anxiety?